Systematic review comparing the efficacy and safety of covered and uncovered self-expanding metal stents in benign airway stenosis

Table 2 Comparison between covered-self-expanding metal stents and uncovered- self-expanding metal stents, n (%)

	All patients with SEMS (n = 900)	Patients with covered SEMS (n = 468)	Patients with uncovered SEMS (n = 432)	P value (fisher's exact test)7
Successful insertions	1013 (93.6)1	511 (98.6)2	462 (88.2)3	< 0.001
Successful removals	435 (95.2)4	305 (95.0)5	90 (93.8)6	0.607
Stent-related deaths	1 (0.1)	0 (0.0)	1 (0.2)	0.480
Complication rate
Stent migration	88 (9.8)	58 (12.4)	30 (6.9)	0.007
Granulation tissue formation	211 (23.0)	124 (26.5)	87 (20.1)	0.027
Infection	63 (7.0)	6 (1.3)	57 (13.2)	< 0.001
Restenosis	53 (5.9)	7 (1.5)	46 (10.6)	< 0.001
Stent fracture	44 (4.9)	12 (2.6)	32 (7.4)	0.001
Bleeding	25 (2.8)	0 (0.0)	25 (5.8)	< 0.001
Pneumothorax	12 (1.3)	0 (0.0)	12 (2.8)	< 0.001
Mucus plugging	11 (1.2)	7 (1.5)	4 (0.9)	0.550
Others8	63 (7.0)	48 (10.3)	15 (3.5)	< 0.001

¹Total of 1082 metal stent insertions among patients (n = 900) with either covered or uncovered self-expanding metal stents (SEMS).

²Total of 518 insertions among patients (n = 468) with covered stents.

³Total of 524 insertions among patients (n = 432) with uncovered stents.

⁴Total of 457 metal stent removals among patients (n = 900) with either covered or uncovered SEMS.

⁵Total of 321 removals among patients (n = 468) with covered stents.

⁶Total of 96 removals among patients (n = 432) with uncovered stents.

⁷P-value showing Fisher’s exact test comparison between covered and uncovered stent insertions.

⁸Other complications include-halitosis, laryngeal oedema, bronchial obstruction, bronchomalacia, dyspnoea and a change in stent configuration.

SEMS: Self-expanding metal stents.