Diabetes distress, the mediator of the poor glycemic control and depression: A meta-analysis

Table 3 Diabetes distress and depression effects on glycemic control, mean ± SD

Ref.	Country	Study type	Diabetes distress HbA1c	Total number	Depression HbA1c	Total number	Results
Al-Ozairi et al[21]	Kuwait	Cross-sectional	9.2 ± 3.5	69	8.7 ± 2	44	Sig.
Ascher-Svanum et al[23]	United States	Prospective	9.91 ± 2.09	289	9.62 ± 2.02	485	Not sig.
Davis et al[27]	Australia	Prospective	6.87 ± 0.7	435	7.5 ± 1.28	50	Sig.
Hayashino et al[29]	Japan	Retrospective	7.9 ± 1.4	371	7.6 ± 1.2	862	Sig.
Ismail et al[30]	United Kingdom	Prospective	7.20 ± 1.61	111	7.11 ± 1.37	232	Not sig.
Nanayakkara et al[13]	Australia	Retrospective	9.3 ± 2.1	177	8.85 ± 2.0	698	Sig.
Sidhu and Tang[36]	Canada	Cross-sectional	7.0 ± 0.9	21	7.0 ± 0.9	6	Not sig.

HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; Sig.: Significant.