Evidence relating cigarettes, cigars and pipes to cardiovascular disease and stroke: Meta-analysis of recent data from three regions

doi:10.13105/wjma.v11.i6.290

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis

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Meta-Analysis

World J Meta-Anal. Sep 18, 2023; 11(6): 290-312
Published online Sep 18, 2023. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v11.i6.290

Table 1 Details of the 10 studies of acute myocardial infarction

Study ID^a	Ref.	Country	Design	Study population	Start year	Yr followed	Age	Sex^b	Cases	Adjust^c	Excl^d	Latency^e	Endpoint	NRR^f
BIOBANK	[37]	United Kingdom	Cohort	National	2006	12	40-69	M, F	5081	2	0	0	Diagnosed	2
CaCHS	[38]	Canada	Cohort	Regional	2001	13	20+	M, F	1133	15	0	0	Diagnosed	2
CALIBER	[39]	United Kingdom	Cohort	GP records	1997	13	30+	F	5628	1	0	0	Diagnosed	1
EPIC-GERM	[40]	Germany	Cohort	Regional	1994	14	35-65	C	507	0, 9	0	0	Diagnosed	2
ESTONGENOME	[41]	Estonia	Cohort	National	2002	13	18+	M, F	118	0, 1	0	0	Died	4^g
KIHD	[42]	Finland	Cohort	Regional	1984	18	42-60	M	205	0	0	0	Diagnosed	1
TROMSO	[43]	Norway	Cohort	Regional	1979	33	20-94	F	854	0, 4	0	0	Diagnosed	2
VASTERBOTTEN	[44]	Sweden	Cohort	Regional	1990	19	30-60	C	2062	2, 9	0	0	Diagnosed	2
WHILA	[45]	Sweden	Cohort	Regional	1995	20	50-59	F	205	1, 7	0	0	Diagnosed	2
WHS	[46]	United States	Cohort	National	1992	26	45+	F	629	0, 14	0	0	Diagnosed	2

^aStudy IDs are BIOBANK: The UK Biobank Study; CaCHS: Canadian Community Health Survey; CALIBER: Cardiovascular disease research using linked bespoke studies and electronic health records; EPIC-GERM: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, German component; ESTON-GENOME: Estonian Genome Center of the University of Tartu; KIHD: Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study; TROMSO: Tromsø Study; VASTERBOTTEN: Västerbotten Intervention Programme; WHILA: Women’s Health in the Lund Area Study; WHS: Women’s Health Study.

^bC: Results only for sexes combined.

^cNumber of adjustment factors for which relative risk (RR) available (0: Unadjusted, 1: Age adjusted, N > 1: Adjusted for N factors).

^dNo study had results available for exclusive use.

^eNo study excluded deaths in the early period of follow-up.

^fNumber of RRs available.

^gSome of the RRs used from this study came from personal communication from Professor Koks.

Citation: Lee PN, Coombs KJ, Hamling JS. Evidence relating cigarettes, cigars and pipes to cardiovascular disease and stroke: Meta-analysis of recent data from three regions. World J Meta-Anal 2023; 11(6): 290-312
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2308-3840/full/v11/i6/290.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.13105/wjma.v11.i6.290