Ureteroscopic holmium laser to transect the greater omentum to remove an abdominal drain: Four case reports

Table 1 General characteristics of the four patients

Variable	Patients 1	Patients 2	Patients 3	Patients 4	Mean value
Age (yr)	73	60	62	55	62.5
Gender	Female	Male	Male	Female	—
Operation method	RR	RC	ATR	RC	—
Operation time (h)	4	6	1.8	4.9	4.2
Drain position	Left pelvic cavity	Left pelvic cavity	Left abdominal cavity	Right pelvic cavity	—
Drainage tube type	24-F rubber tube	24-F silicone tube	24-F silicone tube	24-F silicone tube	24-F
Number of side holes of the drainage tube	7	8	6	7	7.0
Diameter of side holes of drainage tube (mm)	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0
Preoperative mean serum albumin (g/L)	37.9 (37.0-39.2)	36.1 (35.2-37.7)	45.5 (43.9-47.5)	40.8 (39.7-41.9)	40.1
Postoperative mean serum albumin (g/L)	30.9 (25.5-37.3)	30.9 (24.7-35.6)	33.6 (28.2-39.5)	32.5 (25.8-37.8)	32.0
Postoperative mean drain volume (mL/ d)	360 (110-1300)	420 (125-950)	150 (40-460)	285 (75-1100)	303.8
The celiac test of the drainage fluid	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative	—
Creatinine value of drainage fluid (mmol/L)	56.3	73.2	—	62.6	64.0
Drainage culture of bacteria	Negative	Negative	MRSA	Negative	—
Adjustment times of drainage tube position	2	1	0	1	1
Drain indwelling time (d)	19	63	13	27	30.5

RR: Laparoscopic radical rectectomy; RC: Laparoscopic radical cystectomy; ATR: Laparoscopic left adrenal tumor resection; MRSA: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Table 2 Perioperative data for the patients undergoing surgery using a ureteroscope and a holmium laser

Variable	Patient 1	Patient 2	Patient 3	Patient 4	Mean value
Intraoperative irrigation volume (mL)	716	952	1285	615	892.0
Intraoperative drainage volume (mL)	500	756	845	453	638.5
Operation time (min)	25	30	23	20	24.5
Intraoperative hemorrhage (mL)	No	No	No	No	—
Surrounding tissues damage	No	No	No	No	—
Successfully removed drain	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	—
Postoperative exhaust time (h)	6.5	3.4	10.6	2.2	5.7
Off-bed activity time (h)	6.8	2	10	4.6	5.9
Postoperative drainage volume (mL)	16	10	73	32	32.8
Postoperative VAS (score)	3	1	1	2	1.8
Postoperative fever	No	No	No	No	—
Postoperative bleeding	No	No	No	No	—
Follow-up time (mo)	6	18	14	12	12.5

VAS: Visual analogue pain scores.