Safety of gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients with acute coronary syndrome and concomitant gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 1 Comparison between 2 groups regarding undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy

	Total (n = 269483)	Patients underwent endoscopy (n = 183409)	Patients without endoscopy (n = 86073)	P value
Mean age at admission	72.32 ± 11.72	72.82 ± 11.41	71.27 ± 12.29	< 0.001
Males	178111 (66.1)	120040 (65.4)	58070 (67.5)	< 0.001
Females	91372 (33.9)	63369 (34.6)	28003 (32.5)
Race				< 0.001
Caucasian	185713 (79.1)	127623 (79.5)	58089 (78.1)
African American	17453 (7.4)	11555 (7.2)	5898 (7.9)
Hispanic	16362 (7.0)	10710 (6.7)	5652 (7.6)
Other	15338 (6.5)	10639 (6.6)	5652 (7.6)
Mortality	14448 (5.4)	7027 (3.8)	7421 (8.6)	< 0.001
Length of stay	6.99 ± 8.49	6.59 ± 7.81	7.84 ± 9.73	< 0.001
Primary expected payer				< 0.001
Medicare	198925 (73.9)	137580 (75.1)	61344 (71.4)
Medicaid	12590 (4.7)	7864 (4.3)	4726 (5.5)
Private	45991 (17.1)	30558 (16.7)	15433 (18.0)
Self-pay	6407 (2.4)	3900 (2.1)	2507 (2.9)
No charge	578 (0.2)	318 (0.2)	261 (0.3)
Other	4642 (1.7)	2971 (1.6)	1672 (1.9)
Location/teaching status of hospital				< 0.001
Rural	26040 (9.7)	19100 (10.5)	6939 (8.1)
Urban nonteaching	119321 (44.5)	82796 (45.4)	6939 (8.1)
Urban teaching	122779 (45.8)	80650 (44.2)	42129 (49.2)
Region of hospital				0.022
Northeast	49463 (18.4)	34252 (18.7)	15212 (17.7)
Midwest	64974 (24.1)	44079 (24.0)	20895 (24.3)
South	100860 (37.4)	68653 (37.4)	20895 (24.3)
West	100860 (37.4)	68653 (37.4)	17759 (20.6)
Shock	24171 (9)	13172 (7.2)	10999 (12.8)	< 0.001
Mechanical ventilation	24705 (9.2)	12736 (9.2)	11969 (13.9)	< 0.001
Blood transfusion	145939 (54.2)	102484 (55.9)	43455 (50.5)	< 0.001

Table 1 compares demographics and main outcomes between patients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy and the group who did not undergo endoscopy. Values are presented as n (%).