Association of frailty with in-hospital outcomes in elderly patients with heart failure

Table 4 Patient characteristics and the composite outcome of in-hospital adverse events: Results of univariate analysis

	With AEs (n = 86)	Without AEs (n = 142)	P value
Female, n (%)	30 (34.9)	39 (27.5)	0.279
NYHA Class III/IV, n (%)	79 (91.9)	115 (80.9)	0.010
Frailty, n (%)	62 (72.1)	73 (51.4)	0.002
Hypertension, n (%)	54 (62.8)	72 (50.7)	0.075
DM, n (%)	33 (38.4)	53 (37.3)	0.874
Dyslipidemia, n (%)	18 (20.9)	33 (23.2)	0.685
AF, n (%)	28 (32.6)	30 (21.1)	0.055
Age (yr)	72.05 ± 7.46	68.65 ± 5.90	< 0.001
Handgrip strength (kg)	22.26 ± 5.34	23.04 ± 4.44	0.030
Overall SPPB score	7.50 ± 2.04	8.18 ± 1.61	0.006
SBP (mmHg)	110.87 ± 23.24	109.92 ± 21.62	0.759
DBP (mmHg)	69.34±15.13	68.78 ± 11.92	0.772
PaO2 (mmHg)	99.23 ± 47.56	98.20 ± 25.87	0.853
LVEF (%)	33.74 ± 6.45	33.97 ± 5.53	0.786

AEs: Adverse events; NYHA: New York Heart Association; DM: Diabetes mellitus; AF: Atrial fibrillation; SPPB: Short physical performance battery; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; LV: Left ventricular.