Lingual nerve injury caused by laryngeal mask airway during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A case report

Table 1 Summary of lingual nerve injuries following use of different types of laryngeal mask airways over last 20 years

Ref.	Age (yr)	Gender	Weight (kg)	Position	Size of device	Duration of surgery (min)	N2O used	Location	Symptoms	Time of onset	Management	Time to recovery
Classic LMA
Koyama et al[8], 2006	20	M	NR	NR	NR	NR	Yes	NR	Taste loss	24 h	NR	6 mo
Arimune[9], 2007	27	M	NR	Supine	NR	NR	NR	Unilateral	Taste disturbance	NR	NR
Cardoso et al[10], 2007	36	F	60	Supine	3	120	NR	Bilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	1 h	Conservative	3 wk
Fideler and Schroeder[11], 2009	32	F	NR	Supine	4	60	NR	Unilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	Few hours	Conservative	4 d
Inácio et al[12], 2010	55	F	75	Supine	4	150	NR	Bilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	1 h	Conservative	2 wk
Foley et al[4], 2010	21	M	79	Supine	5	45	No	Unilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	Few hours	Conservative	4 wk
Foley et al[4], 2010	50	F	101	Lithotomy	3	70	Yes	Unilateral	Numbness	PACU	Conservative	4 wk
El Toukhy and Tweedie[13], 2012	36	F	NR	Supine	4	180	No	Bilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	Few hours	Conservative	6 wk
Dhillon and O’Leary[14], 2012	52	F	NR	Supine	4	60	No	Bilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	Instant	Conservative	4 wk
Present case, 2021	49	M	75	Prone	4	80	No	Unilateral	Numbness	Few hours	Conservative	3 wk
LMA ProSeal
Brimacombe et al[2], 2005	61	M	74	Semi-beach chair	5	150	Yes	Unilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	Instant	Conservative	15 d
Brimacombe and Keller[15], 2005	64	F	76	Supine	4	45	No	Unilateral	Numbness	2 h	Conservative	10 h
LMA Supreme
Rujirojindakul et al[7], 2012	43	F	65	Prone	4	75	No	Tongue tip	Numbness	24 h	Conservative	2 wk
Thiruvenkatarajan et al[5], 2014	45	F	61	Supine	3	105	No	Tongue tip	Numbness	Instant	Conservative	3 wk
I-gel
Renes et al[16], 2011	69	M	78	Supine	4	45	NR	Bilateral	Numbness; Taste disturbance	Few hours	Conservative	8 wk
Rujirojindakul et al[7], 2012	33	F	53	Lithotomy	3	45	No	Tongue tip	Numbness	24 h	Conservative	2 wk
Jenkinson et al[17], 2014	64	M	NR	Supine	4	300	NR	Unilateral	Sensation loss	PACU	NR	6 wk (90% recovery)
Ueshima et al[18], 2016	53	F	78	Supine	4	NR	NR	Bilateral	Numbness	24 h	Conservative	2 wk
Mehta et al[19], 2017	32	M	NR	Supine	NR	NR	NR	Unilateral	Numbness	Few hours	Conservative	6 wk

N₂O: Nitrous oxide; LMA: Laryngeal mask airway; F: Female; M: Male; NR: Not recorded; PACU: Post-anaesthesia care unit.