Association between celiac disease and vitiligo: A review of the literature

Table 2 Summary of studies reporting prevalence of vitiligo in celiac disease

Ref.	Country	Study design	Setting	CD, n (%)	Vitiligo prevalence (V + CD)	Vitiligo diagnosis	Celiac disease diagnosis
Reunala et al[30], 1997	Finland	Cross-sectional study	Hospital	383	0	Medical records	Histology
Ertekin et al[18], 2009	Turkey	Cross-sectional study	Hospital	140	2.1% (n = 3)	Medical records	Serology and histology
Lancaster-Smith et al[26], 1974	United Kingdom	Cross-sectional study	Hospital	57	1.8% (n = 1)	Medical records	Serology and histology
Seyhan et al[19], 2007	Turkey	Cross-sectional study	Hospital	55	9.1% (n = 5)	Medical records	Serology and histology
Lebwohl et al[27], 2020	Sweden	Population-Based cohort study	Database	43300	0.24% (n = 106)	Medical records	Histology
Catassi et al[28], 1996	Italy	Cross-sectional study	School	82	1.2% (n = 1)	questionnaire survey	Serology and histology
Polanco[29], 2008	Spain	Cross-sectional study	Hospital	1010	0.4% (n = 4)	Medical records	Serology and histology

CD: Celiac disease; V: Vitiligo.