Associations with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: An United Kingdom single-centre study

Table 3 Multiple imputation multivariable logistic regression analysis showing associations between exposure variables and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency

Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value
Demographics
Age	1.00 (0.99-1.01)	0.597
Sex
Male	1.18 (0.80-1.74)	0.399
Ethnicity
Asian	2.11 (1.30-3.42)	0.002
Black	1.22 (0.66-2.27)	0.524
Other	1.45 (0.88-2.38)	0.144
Comorbidities
Type 2 diabetes	1.84 (1.18-2.87)	0.007
Liver cirrhosis	0.96 (0.45-2.06)	0.924
Chronic pancreatitis	7.98 (3.95-16.15)	< 0.001
Pancreatic cancer	6.58 (1.67-25.98)	0.007
Upper GI surgery	2.62 (1.32-5.19)	0.006
CCF	1.67 (0.42-6.65)	0.466
CKD	1.71 (0.74-3.97)	0.212
PPI	1.87 (1.25-2.80)	0.002
Alcohol excess
Ex-excess	2.06 (0.94-4.51)	0.07
Current excess	1.56 (0.85-2.87)	0.152
Smoking history
Ex-smoker	1.02 (0.57-1.84)	0.949
Current smoker	1.33 (0.79-2.25)	0.287

Ethnicity reference group is white ethnicity; Alcohol excess reference group is never excess; Smoking history reference group is never-smoker. GI: Gastrointestinal; CCF: Congestive heart failure; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor.