Effects of mindful breathing combined with sleep-inducing exercises in patients with insomnia

Table 5 Patient group Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score comparison 3 mo after intervention

Group	Sleep quality	Sleep latency	Sleep duration	Sleep efficiency	Sleep disturbance	Hypnotic medication use	Daytime dysfunction
Treatment group, n = 40	0.98 ± 0.48	1.98 ± 0.53	1.53 ± 0.60	2.35 ± 0.58	1.68 ± 0.53	0.53 ± 0.64	1.43 ± 0.50
Control group, n = 40	1.60 ± 0.63	2.80 ± 0.41	2.70 ± 0.56	1.63 ± 0.49	2.35 ± 0.53	0.93 ± 0.80	2.48 ± 0.51
t	4.980	7.817	9.037	-6.040	5.700	2.475	9.332
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001