Aortic stenosis and Heyde’s syndrome: A comprehensive review

Table 1 Clinical features of Heyde’s syndrome

Due to	Symptoms	Signs
GI bleed	Hematemesis; Hematochezia; Melena; Abdominal pain	Pallor; Blood on rectal exam; Orthostasis
Aortic stenosis	Dyspnea on exertion; Syncope; Fatigue; Exertional chest pain	Low volume slow rising; carotid pulse; Ejection systolic murmur; Absence of physiologic S2 split
Acquired vWS	Easy bruisability; Mucosal bleeding; Heavy menstrual bleeding	Hemarthosis; Hematoma

GI: Gastrointestinal; vWS: von Willebrand syndrome.