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©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Clin Cases. Aug 16, 2021; 9(23): 6734-6746
Published online Aug 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i23.6734
Published online Aug 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i23.6734
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients by cost of living index group between 2007 and 2015
| COLI group | Total | < 901 | 902-1044 | 1048-1169 | 1170+ | P value | |
| Number | 47894 | 13515 | 11379 | 12167 | 10833 | ||
| Median age [IQR] | 62.00 [56.00, 70.00] | 61.00 [55.00, 69.00] | 61.00 [56.00, 68.00] | 62.00 [56.00, 71.00] | 63.00 [57.00, 72.00] | < 0.001 | |
| Survival mo [IQR] | 10.00 [2.00, 27.00] | 8.00 [2.00, 23.00] | 10.00 [2.00, 27.00] | 10.00 [2.00, 28.00] | 13.00 [3.00, 31.00] | < 0.001 | |
| Male sex (%) | 37202 (77.7) | 10661 (78.9) | 8921 (78.4) | 9357 (76.9) | 8263 (76.3) | < 0.001 | |
| Race (%) | White | 23220 (48.5) | 8062 (59.7) | 6108 (53.7) | 4864 (40.0) | 4186 (38.6) | < 0.001 |
| Black | 6537 (13.6) | 2094 (15.5) | 2231 (19.6) | 1197 (9.8) | 1015 (9.4) | ||
| Hispanic | 9695 (20.2) | 2497 (18.5) | 1504 (13.2) | 3708 (30.5) | 1986 (18.3) | ||
| API | 7723 (16.1) | 652 (4.8) | 1231 (10.8) | 2294 (18.9) | 3546 (32.7) | ||
| Other/Unkn | 719 (1.5) | 210 (1.6) | 305 (2.7) | 104 (0.9) | 100 (0.9) | ||
| Marital status (%) | Divorced | 6125 (12.8) | 1978 (14.6) | 1673 (14.7) | 1466 (12.0) | 1008 (9.3) | < 0.001 |
| Married | 23338 (48.7) | 6490 (48.0) | 5237 (46.0) | 5888 (48.4) | 5723 (52.8) | ||
| Separated | 900 (1.9) | 241 (1.8) | 242 (2.1) | 248 (2.0) | 169 (1.6) | ||
| Single | 10474 (21.9) | 2938 (21.7) | 2477 (21.8) | 2778 (22.8) | 2281 (21.1) | ||
| Unknown | 2545 (5.3) | 585 (4.3) | 710 (6.2) | 611 (5.0) | 639 (5.9) | ||
| Unmarried | 120 (0.3) | 33 (0.2) | 37 (0.3) | 28 (0.2) | 22 (0.2) | ||
| Widowed | 4392 (9.2) | 1250 (9.2) | 1003 (8.8) | 1148 (9.4) | 991 (9.1) | ||
| Insurance status (%) | Any Medicaid | 11851 (24.7) | 3346 (24.8) | 2591 (22.8) | 3415 (28.1) | 2499 (23.1) | < 0.001 |
| Unknown | 1864 (3.9) | 536 (4.0) | 450 (4.0) | 456 (3.7) | 422 (3.9) | ||
| Insured | 24225 (50.6) | 6531 (48.3) | 5811 (51.1) | 5970 (49.1) | 5913 (54.6) | ||
| Insured/Unspecified | 7796 (16.3) | 2337 (17.3) | 2053 (18.0) | 1776 (14.6) | 1630 (15.0) | ||
| Uninsured | 2158 (4.5) | 765 (5.7) | 474 (4.2) | 550 (4.5) | 369 (3.4) | ||
| State (%) | Alaska | 60 (0.1) | 0 | 60 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | < 0.001 |
| California | 23501 (49.1) | 4266 (31.6) | 3005 (26.4) | 9219 (75.8) | 7011 (64.7) | ||
| Connecticut | 1880 (3.9) | 0 | 307 (2.7) | 1573 (12.9) | 0 | ||
| Georgia | 4124 (8.6) | 1767 (13.1) | 2357 (20.7) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Hawaii | 1054 (2.2) | 0 | 0 (0.0) | 293 (2.4) | 761 (7.0) | ||
| Iowa | 1103 (2.3) | 1003 (7.4) | 100 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 | ||
| Kentucky | 2047 (4.3) | 2047 (15.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Louisiana | 2740 (5.7) | 2740 (20.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Michigan | 2129 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2129 (18.7) | 0 | 0 | ||
| New Jersey | 4131 (8.6) | 0 | 0 | 1082 (8.9) | 3049 (28.1) | ||
| New Mexico | 1335 (2.8) | 636 (4.7) | 687 (6.0) | 0 | 12 (0.1) | ||
| Utah | 772 (1.6) | 770 (5.7) | 2 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Washington | 3018 (6.3) | 286 (2.1) | 2732 (24.0) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Year (%) | 2007-2009 | 3599 (26.6) | 3164 (27.8) | 3646 (30.0) | 3242 (29.9) | < 0.001 | |
| 13651 (28.5) | |||||||
| 2010-2012 | 16115 (33.6) | 4413 (32.7) | 3868 (34.0) | 4139 (34.0) | 3695 (34.1) | ||
| 2013-2015 | 18128 (37.9) | 5503 (40.7) | 4347 (38.2) | 4382 (36.0) | 3896 (36.0) |
- Citation: Sempokuya T, Patel KP, Azawi M, Ma J, Wong LL. Increased morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in lower cost of living areas. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9(23): 6734-6746
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i23/6734.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i23.6734