Myeloid sarcoma of the colon as initial presentation in acute promyelocytic leukemia: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Clinical information of myeloid sarcoma as initial presentation in acute promyelocytic leukemia

Case	Age/sex	Location	Single or multiple sites	Chromosome	Gene	BM involvement	Progression to APL	Coagulation abnormality	WBC	Treatment	Prognosis	Ref.
1	55/M	Vertebra, extradural	Multiple	-	PML/RARα	No	No	No	Normal	ATRA, chemotherapy, radiation	CR (15 mo, ongoing)	Fiegl et al[17]
2	26/M	Vertebra, extradural	Multiple	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	Low	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (22 wk, ongoing)	Specchia et al[10]
3	61/F	Vertebra	Single	-	PML/RARα	No	No	-	-	Radiotherapy, ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (96 mo, ongoing)	Piñán et al[18]
4	52/F	Vertebra	Multiple	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	Normal	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (54 mo, ongoing)	Cornfield et al[19]
5	56/M	Vertebra	Single	t (15;17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	Normal	ATRA, chemotherapy, ASCT, ATO	CR (24 mo, ongoing)	Shah et al[20]
6	50/F	Vertebra	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	-	Low	ATRA, ATO, chemotherapy	CR (44 d, ongoing)	Mori et al[21]
7	31/M	Extradural	Multiple	-	-	No	Yes (32 d)	Yes	Normal	Radiotherapy, ASCT	PR (23 mo, ongoing)	Zuiable et al[22]
8	53/M	Extradural	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	Yes	Normal	Radiotherapy, ATRA, chemotherapy	No improvement, died of sepsis	Bittencourt et al[23]
9	18/M	Extradural	Multiple	t (15; 17)	-	No	Yes (10 mo)	No	Normal	Chemotherapy	CR (11mo, ongoing)	Savranlar et al[24]
10	27/M	Extradural	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	Yes	Normal	Tumor removed, ATRA, chemotherapy, radiotherapy	CR (293 d, ongoing)	Tosi et al[25]
11	4/M	Pelvis	Single	-	-	Yes	-	Yes	High	Chemotherapy	CR (14 mo, ongoing)	Belasco et al[26]
12	-/M	Skull, pleura, hip	Multiple	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	No	No	-	Normal	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (13 mo, ongoing)	Bobbio-Pallavicini et al[27]
13	16/F	Humerus, tibia, femur	Multiple	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	Normal	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (ongoing)	Fiegl et al[17]
14	1/M	Mandible	Single	-	PML/RARα	Yes		No	-	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (12 mo, ongoing)	Yamashita et al[28]
15	50/M	Spinal	Multiple	(47, XY, +8, der (11; 22) (q10; q10), add (14) (q32), der (15) t (15; 17) (q22; q12), ider (17) (q10) t (15; 17))	PML/RARα	No	Yes (10 mo)	No	Normal	Chemotherapy	Died of a brain hemorrhage (40 mo)	Yamashita et al[29]
16	19/M	Sternum	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	No	No	No	Normal	Tumor removed, ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (24 wk, ongoing)	Thomas et al[30]
17	45/M	Tongue	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	-	High	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (12 mo, ongoing)	Mohamedbhai et al[31]
18	35/M	Tongue	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	High	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (ongoing)	Ignacio-Cconchoy et al[32]
19	34/M	Skin	Multiple	-	-	Yes	-	Yes	High	Chemotherapy	Died (1 mo)	Uematsu et al[33]
20	23/M	Mediastinal	Single	-	-	No	Yes (2 mo)	No	Normal	Radiotherapy, chemotherapy	Died of heart failure (14 mo)	Kubonishi et al[34]
21	21/M	Thymus	Multiple	-	-	Yes	-	No	High	Chemotherapy	Died (8 mo)	Ajarim et al[35]
22	27/m	Testicle	Multiple	-	PML/RARα	No	Yes (16 mo)	No	Normal	Radiotherapy, ATRA, chemotherapy	PR (16 mo, ongoing)	Gopal et al[36]
23	39/F	Cerebellum	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	Yes	High	Chemotherapy	Die of cerebral hemorrhage	Fukushima et al[37]
24	26/F	Ovary	Single	-	PML/RARα	No	Yes	No	Normal	Chemotherapy, ATRA	PR (43 mo, ongoing)	Wang et al[38]
25	17/F	Rectum	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	-	Normal	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (48 mo, ongoing)	Benjazia et al[39]
26	66/M	Small intestine	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	Normal	ATRA, chemotherapy	Died of cerebral hemorrhage	Takeh et al[40]
27	29/M	Colon	Multiple	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	Low	ATRA, chemotherapy	CR (2 mo, ongoing)	Damodar et al[41]
Current case	77/F	Colon	Single	t (15; 17)	PML/RARα	Yes	-	No	Normal	Tumor removed, ATRA, ATO	CR (6 mo, ongoing)

ATRA: All-trans retinoic acid; ATO: Arsenic trioxide; ASCT: Autologous stem cell transplantation; CR: Complete remission; PR: Partial remission.