Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Table 4 Comparison of data between before and after 6 mo of continuous positive airway pressure therapy in 17 obstructive sleep apnea patients of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group for whom alanine aminotransferase level was ≥ 30 U/L before continuous positive airway pressure, mean compliance index was > 0.5, and body mass index changed < ± 1 kg/m²

	n	Before CPAP		After 6 mo of CPAP		P value
Demographics
Age (yr)	17	57.1 ± 12.2		-		-
Male sex, number (%)	17	13 (76.4)		-		-
BW (kg)	17	74.36 ± 13.44		74.23 ± 13.27		0.7700
BMI (kg/m2)	17	27.02 ± 4.36		27.03 ± 4.37		0.9691
Biochemical parameter
AST (U/L)	17	33.3 ± 9.8		28.5 ± 7.5		0.0167
ALT (U/L)	17	48.6 ± 18.4		40.9 ± 19.1		0.0177
GGT (U/L)	17	45.2 ± 24.1		45.6 ± 29.9		0.8904
Albumin (g/dL)	17	4.51 ± 0.36		4.50 ± 0.35		0.9071
Uric acid (mg/dL)	17	5.59 ± 0.86		5.45 ± 1.14		0.3776
TG (mg/dL)	16	123.4 ± 33.8		139.4 ± 48.8		0.0819
LDL-C (mg/dL)	17	145.8 ± 34.0		139.8 ± 34.5		0.3002
HDL-C (mg/dL)	17	58.3 ± 12.8		57.1 ± 13.9		0.5143
hs-CRP (mg/dL)	16	0.1087 ± 0.1202		0.0881 ± 0.0671		0.3740
HbA1c (%)	17	6.28 ± 0.92		6.16 ± 0.62		0.2636
HOMA-IR	16	2.38 ± 1.36		2.87 ± 2.18		0.1436
Serum fibrosis markers
M2BPGi	17	0.519 ± 0.215		0.556 ± 0.148		0.2151
Type IV collagen 7s (ng/mL)	17	3.35 ± 0.70		3.40 ± 0.53		0.7018
Platelet count (× 104/μL)	17	25.44 ± 7.30		24.65 ± 5 .70		0.3100
Transient elastography measurements
LSM (kPa)	17	4.59 ± 0.97		4.79 ± 1.42		0.3243
CAP (dB/m)	17	306.1 ± 58.2		319.8 ± 43.3		0.2105

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Data were examined by a paired t-test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, as appropriate. m-CI = {sum of the following calculations for each of the 6 mo of treatment: [Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) usage rate of days per calendar month] × (ratio of days of CPAP use for > 4 h/d to total days of CPAP use in the same calendar month)}/6 mo. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; BW: Body weight; CAP: Controlled attenuation parameter; CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure; GGT: γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LSM: Liver stiffness measurement; M2BPGi: Mac-2-binding protein glycan isomer; TG: Triglycerides.