Effectiveness of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in patients with severe COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

Table 2 Treatments and outcomes in patients with severe coronavirus disease-19

Variables	Total (n = 75)	Corticosteroid group (n = 47)	Non-corticosteroid group (n = 28)	P value
Treatments
Antibiotics (%)	62 (82.67)	45 (95.74)	17 (60.71)	< 0.001
Antifungal (%)	12 (16.00)	12 (25.53)	0	0.004
IV immunoglobulin (%)	30 (42.76)	27 (57.45)	3 (10.71)	< 0.001
Thymopentin or thymalfasin (%)	63 (84.00)	43 (91.49)	20 (71.43)	0.022
High-flow oxygen (%)	40 (53.33)	28 (59.57)	12 (42.86)	0.160
Noninvasive ventilator (%)	28 (37.33)	24 (51.06)	4 (14.28)	0.001
Invasive ventilator (%)	7 (9.33)	7 (14.89)	0	0.032
ECMO (%)	3 (4.00)	3 (6.38)	0	0.450
Outcomes
Total length of hospital stay	21.05 ± 8.96	21.21 ± 9.57	20.79 ± 7.98	0.843
Length of ICU stay	14.64 ± 6.67	15.23 ± 6.72	13.64 ± 6.58	0.321
High-flow oxygen days	5.58 ± 4.19	5.32 ± 3.58	6.17 ± 5.49	0.565
Noninvasive ventilator days	6.69 ± 5.37	7.54 ± 5.46	2.60 ± 2.30	0.060
Invasive ventilator days	9.00 ± 6.14	9.00 ± 6.14	-	-
Mortality rate (%)	4 (5.33)	4 (8.51)	0	0.291

IV: Intravenous injection; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU: Intensive care unit.