Giant ventral hernia simultaneously containing the spleen, a portion of the pancreas and the left hepatic lobe: A case report

Table 1 Clinical data of 12 published cases

Ref.	Age (yr)	Gender	Clinical manifestation	Imaging examination	Hernia classification	Herniated organs	Complica-tions	Treatment
Neelamraju et al[6], 2015	70	Female	Epigastric swelling and discomfort	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	Omentum and left hepatic lobe	None	Open incisional hernia repair
Sheer et al[10], 2004	45	Female	Upper Abdo pain and swelling	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	Liver	Pseudomonas sepsis; died	Conservative
Shanbhogue et al[17], 2009	48	Female	Discomfort and swelling in the epigastrium	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	Segment of the left hepatic lobe	None	Conservative
Eken et al[11], 2015	77	Female	Abdo swelling, pain, nausea and vomiting	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	Left hepatic lobe	Hepatic dysfunction	Open incisional hernia repair
Nuño-Guzmán et al[12], 2012	70	Female	Right Abdo pain, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	Left hepatic lobe	None	Open incisional hernia repair
Warbrick-Smith et al[18], 2012	81	Male	Right upper quadrant Abdo pain	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	II and III segments of the liver	None	No treatment
Then et al[14], 2019	54	Male	Increasing abdominal girth	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	Anterior portion of the left hepatic lobe	None	Conservative
Saujani et al[13], 2017	75	Female	Right upper quadrant Abdo tightness and band-like pain	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	V and VI segments of the liver	Budd-Chiari syndrome	Conservative
Kanakaratne et al[19], 2017	75	Female	Abdo pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation and dysuria	Abdo CT	Incisional hernia	Left hepatic lobe	None	Conservative
Fernando et al[7], 2015	82	Female	Left-sided Abdo pain, fatigue, weakness	Abdo CT	Umbilical hernia	Small bowel, colon, pancreas, spleen	Splenic rupture	Splenectomy
Komaei et al[8], 2019	67	Female	Severe epigastric pain radiating to the back, nausea, vomiting	Abdo CT	Paraumbilical hernia	Small bowel, segments of ascending, transverse and descending colon, pancreas	Acute pancreatitis and intestinal obstruction	Emergency laparotomy, multiorgan failure; died
Alam et al[9], 2014	56	Female	Abdo pain, nausea	Abdo CT	Umbilical hernia	Small bowel, sigmoid and transverse colon, pancreas	Acute kidney injury	Emergency laparotomy, multiorgan failure; died

Abdo: Abdominal; CT: Computed tomography.