Serotonin transporter and cholecystokinin in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: Associations with abdominal pain, visceral hypersensitivity and psychological performance

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in irritable bowel syndrome patients and healthy controls

	IBS-D patients (n = 40)	HC (n = 18)	P value
Age (yr)	44.50 ± 9.27	42.33 ± 12.81	0.47
Male	30 (75%)	13 (72.2%)	0.83
BMI (kg/m2)	23.95 ± 4.06	22.88 ± 2.86	0.33
IBS-SSS	273.25 ± 42.27	NA	NA
VSI	75.78 ± 9.31	53.39 ± 4.49	< 0.001
IBS-QOL	48.85 ± 9.79	NA	NA
HADS(A)	7.78 ± 2.62	2.89 ± 1.02	< 0.001
HADS(D)	6.38 ± 2.43	2.06 ± 0.73	< 0.001
Visceral sensitivity
Initial sensation threshold (mL)	31.00 ± 8.41	52.22 ± 8.09	< 0.001
Defecating sensation threshold (mL)	51.75 ± 13.57	89.44 ± 8.73	< 0.001
Maximum tolerable threshold (mL)	97.25 ± 23.64	171.11 ± 20.83	< 0.001
Severity of abdominal pain
Pain ruler	2.91 ± 1.63	NA	NA
Pain symptom	1.35 ± 0.74	NA	NA
Pain frequency	1.83 ± 1.28	NA	NA

The data are presented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). IBS-D: Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome; IBS-SSS: Irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity scale; VSI: Visceral sensitivity index; IBS-QOL: Irritable bowel syndrome-specific Quality of Life; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HC: Healthy control; NA: Not applicable.