Distal esophageal spasm: Update on diagnosis and management in the era of high-resolution manometry

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i6.1026

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Mar 26, 2020 (publication date) through Dec 25, 2024

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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2307-8960

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Clin Cases. Mar 26, 2020; 8(6): 1026-1032
Published online Mar 26, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i6.1026

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Figure 3 A proposed algorithm for management of diffuse esophageal spasm. CCB: Calcium channel blocker; DES: Distal esophageal spasm; FLIP: Functional lumen imaging probe; HRM: High-resolution manometry; LES: Lower esophageal sphincter; PDE: Phosphodiesterase; POEM: Per oral endoscopic myotomy; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor.

Citation: Gorti H, Samo S, Shahnavaz N, Qayed E. Distal esophageal spasm: Update on diagnosis and management in the era of high-resolution manometry. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8(6): 1026-1032
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v8/i6/1026.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v8.i6.1026