No significant association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and adverse outcomes of COVID-19

Table 3 Differences of glycemic control efficacy in dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors group vs non-dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors group (n = 444)

Parameter	DPP4i (n = 111)	Non-DPP4i (n = 333)	P value4
Glycemic control efficacy during hospitalization
Median of FBG, median (IQR)	8.01 (6.75-10.31)	8.35 (6.48-11.12)	0.84
Median of GLU, median (IQR)	10.55 (8.70-12.58)	10.70 (8.90-13.45)	0.90
Max FBG, median (IQR)	11.18 (7.82-13.92)	10.50 (7.33-15.48)	0.95
Max GLU, median (IQR)	14.90 (12.40-19.10)	16.30 (13.30-20.55)	0.30
Min FBG, median (IQR)	6.67 (5.30-7.98)	6.74 (5.39-8.76)	0.54
Min GLU, median (IQR)	7.10 (5.00-9.30)	7.10 (5.65-8.90)	0.87
FBG > 7 mmol/L, day/total days1 (%)	9.09 (4.26-16.67)	6.52 (2.67-13.64)	0.05
GLU > 11.1 mmol/L, day/total days2 (%)	9.09 (5.56-23.75)	10.00 (4.08-25.40)	0.81
Titrating time3, median (IQR)	4.00 (1.00-9.00)	3.00 (1.00-11.00)	0.71

¹The day/total days of FBG > 7 mmol/L was defined as the days with FBG > 7 mmol/L as a percentage of the entire observation period.

²The day/total days of GLU > 11.1 mmol/L was defined as the days with GLU > 11.1 mmol/L as a percentage of the entire observation period.

³Titrating time was defined as the number of days that FBG met the normal range for the first time since admission.

⁴P values were calculated based on Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test.

Data are n (%) or medians (IQR). DPP4i: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; GLU: Random blood glucose; Max: Maximum; Min: Minimum; IQR: Interquartile range.