Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of fifty-six cases of COVID-19 in Liaoning Province, China

Table 3 Complications, treatment, and outcomes 56 patients of coronavirus disease 2019

		Disease severity			Composite endpoint
	All patients, n = 56	Non-severe, n = 45	Severe, n = 11	P value	Yes, n = 5	No, n = 51	P value
Complications, n (%)
Pneumonia	51/56 (91.1)	40/45 (88.9)	11/11 (100.0)	0.571	5/5 (100.0)	46/51 (90.2)	1.00
ARDS	2/56 (3.9)	0/45 (0.0)	2/11 (18.2)	0.036	2/5 (40.0)	0/51 (0.0)	0.006
Acute lung injury	4/56 (7.1)	1/45 (2.2)	3/11 (27.3)	0.026	1/5 (20.0)	3/51 (5.9)	1.00
Acute myocardial injury	2/56 (3.9)	0/45 (0.0)	2/11 (18.2)	0.056	1/5 (20.0)	1/51 (1.9)	0.172
Acute liver injury	13/56 (23.2)	7/45 (15.5)	6/11 (54.5)	0.013	3/5 (60.0)	10/51 (19.6)	0.076
Treatment, n (%)
Oxygen therapy	25/56 (44.6)	14/45 (31.1)	11/11 (100.0)	0.000	5/5 (100.0)	20/51 (39.2)	0.014
Mechanical ventilation
Invasive	4/56 (7.1)	0/45 (0.0)	4/11 (36.4)	0.001	4/5 (80.0)	0/51 (0.0)	0.000
Non-invasive	1/56 (1.8)	0/45 (0.0)	1/11 (9.1)	0.196	1/5 (20.0)	0/51 (0.0)	0.089
Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation	1/56 (1.8)	0/45 (0.0)	1/11 (9.1)	0.196	1/5 (20.0)	0/51 (0.0)	0.089
Antiviral therapy	56/56 (100.0)	45/45 (100.0)	11/11 (100.0)	-	5/5 (100.0)	51/51 (100.0)	-
Administration of antibiotics	22/56 (39.3)	13/45 (28.9)	9/11 (81.8)	0.002	5/5 (100.0)	17/51 (33.3)	0.000
Administration of glucocorticoid	10/56 (17.8)	3/45 (6.7)	7/11 (63.6)	0.000	4/5 (80.0)	6/51 (11.7)	0.003
Use of intravenous immunoglobin	7/56 (12.5)	2/45 (4.4)	5/11 (45.4)	0.002	5/5 (100.0)	2/51 (3.9)	0.000
Clinical outcomes, n (%)
Discharge from hospital	21/56 (37.5)	20/45 (44.4)	1/11 (9.1)	0.039	0/5 (0.0)	21/51 (41.2)	0.045
Death	0/56 (0.0)	0/45 (0.0)	0/11 (0.0)	-	0/5 (0.0)	0/5 (0.0)	-
Staying in hospital	35/56 (62.5)	25/45(55.5)	10/11 (90.9)	0.039	5/5 (100.0)	30/51 (58.8)	0.145

P values denoted the comparison between non-severe cases and severe cases. ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome.