Oncological impact of different distal ureter managements during radical nephroureterectomy for primary upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses for predicting oncological outcomes in patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

Variable	IRFS						CSS						OS
	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis			Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis			Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value	HR	95%CI	P value
Age < 70 yr vs age ≥ 70 yr	0.799	0.412-1.550	0.507			-	0.968	0.398-2.353	0.943				1.340	0.656-2.737	0.421
Male vs female	0.535	0.273-1.047	0.068			-	0.820	0.339-1.986	0.661				0.644	0.315-1.319	0.229
BCE methods			0.987			-			0.826						0.503
IVBC	1	Reference	-			-	1	Reference	-				1	Reference	-
EVBC	1.032	0.474-2.246	0.937				0.707	0.235-2.128	0.537				0.587	0.223-1.542	0.280
TUBC	0.954	0.392-2.323	0.917				0.879	0.276-2.797	0.828				0.695	0.256-1.884	0.474
Tumor location			0.042			0.042			0.564						0.161
Lower ureter	1	Reference	-	1	Reference	-	1	Reference	-				1	Reference	-
Middle and upper ureter	0.421	0.177-1.002	0.051	0.421	0.177-1.002	0.051	0.930	0.295-2.933	0.901				1.148	0.451-2.920	0.772
Renal pelvis or calyx	0.339	0.153-0.750	0.008	0.339	0.153-0.750	0.008	0.505	0.160-1.598	0.245				0.466	0.176-1.230	0.123
Multiple	0.315	0.007-1.416	0.132	0.315	0.007-1.416	0.132	0.459	0.053-3.973	0.479				0.500	0.102-2.462	0.394
pT ≤ 2 vs pT > 2	0.567	0.273-1.178	0.128				9.156	2.673-31.358	0.000	8.439	2.424-29.377	0.001	2.970	1.417-6.225	0.004	2.891	1.364-6.128	0.006
LN (-/x) vs LN (+)	0.901	0.123-6.586	0.918				16.793	6.328-44.568	0.000	14.343	5.176-39.745	< 0.001	9.917	3.995-24.621	0.000	9.473	3.75-23.926	< 0.001
Tumor grade	0.988	0.383-2.547	0.980				25.367	0.083-7755.852	0.268				0.981	0.341-2.826	0.972
LV (-) vs LV (+)	0.611	0.146-2.552	0.499				2.933	0.969-8.881	0.057				2.385	0.907-6.273	0.078
Urinary cytology	0.993	0.478-2.064	0.986				1.474	0.492-4.419	0.488				1.446	0.592-3.532	0.418
Intravesical chemotherapy (yes vs no)	1.023	0.503-2.081	0.950				0.606	0.202-1.816	0.371				0.852	0.380-1.909	0.697

CSS: Cancer-specific survival; EVBC: Extravesical incision of the bladder cuff; IVBC: Intrasvesical incision of the bladder cuff; IRFS: Intravesical recurrence-free survival; OS: Overall survival; TUBC: Transurethral incision of the bladder cuff; LN: Lymph node; pT: Pathological tumor; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.