Oncological impact of different distal ureter managements during radical nephroureterectomy for primary upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

Table 1 Baseline characters of all patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

Variable	All patients (n = 248)	IVBC group (n = 99)	EVBC group (n = 96)	TVBC group (n = 53)	P value
Age
< 70 yr	128 (51.6)	51 (51.5)	56 (58.3)	21 (39.6)	0.09
≥ 70 yr	120 (48.4)	48 (48.5)	40 (41.7)	32 (60.4)
ASA
I	23 (9.3)	9 (9.1)	10 (10.4)	4 (7.5)	0.07
II	167 (67.3)	68 (68.7)	70 (72.9)	29 (54.7)
III	58 (23.4)	22 (22.2)	16 (16.7)	20 (37.7)
Gender
Male	122 (49.2)	52 (52.5)	46 (47.9)	24 (45.3)	0.66
Female	126 (50.8)	47 (47.5)	50 (52.1)	29 (54.7)
Smoke
No	204 (82.3)	79 (79.8)	83 (86.5)	42 (79.2)	0.39
Yes	44 (17.7)	20 (20.2)	13 (13.5)	11 (20.8)
Gross hematuria
No	79 (31.9)	31 (31.3)	28 (29.2)	20 (37.7)	0.56
Yes	169 (68.1)	68 (68.7)	68 (70.8)	33 (62.3)
Urinary cytology
Negative	77 (31.0)	28 (28.3)	34 (35.4)	15 (28.3)	0.50
Positive	171 (69.0)	71(71.7)	62 (64.6)	38 (71.7)
Tumor side
Left	134 (54.0)	50 (50.5)	52 (54.2)	32 (60.4)	0.51
Right	114 (46.0)	49 (49.5)	44 (45.8)	21 (39.6)
Tumor location
Renal pelvis	111 (44.8)	37 (37.4)	42 (43.8)	32 (60.4)	0.03
Upper and middle ureter	66 (26.6)	25 (25.3)	25 (26.0)	16 (30.2)
Lower ureter	49 (19.8)	26 (26.3)	20 (20.8)	3 (5.7)
Multiple	22 (8.9)	11 (11.1)	9 (9.4)	2 (3.8)
pT stage
pT0-pTa-pT1-pTis	69 (27.8)	27 (27.3)	23 (24.0)	19 (35.8)	0.17
pT2	69 (27.8)	31 (31.3)	22 (22.9)	16 (30.2)
pT3	107 (43.1)	39 (39.4)	51 (53.1)	17 (32.1)
pT4	3 (1.2)	2 (2.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.9)
LN status
LN-negative	238 (96.0)	94 (94.9)	93 (96.9)	51(96.2)	0.787
LN-positive	10 (4.0)	5 (5.1)	3 (3.1)	2 (3.8)
Tumor grade
Low	29 (11.7)	14 (14.1)	9 (9.4)	6 (11.3)	0.58
High	221 (88.3)	85 (85.9)	87 (90.6)	47 (88.7)
LVI
Negative	223 (89.9)	92 (92.9)	84 (87.5)	47 (88.7)	0.43
Positive	25 (10.1)	7 (7.1)	12 (12.5)	6 (11.3)
Intravesical chemotherapy
No	171 (69.0)	75 (75.8)	66 (68.8)	30 (56.6)	0.05
Yes	77 (31.0)	24 (24.2)	30 (31.2)	2 3 (43.4)
Adjuvant therapy
No	218 (87.9)	90 (90.9)	80 (83.3)	48 (90.6)	0.21
Yes	30 (12.1)	9 (9.1)	16 (16.7)	5 (9.4)

Data are shown as n (%). ASA: American society of anesthesiologists; EVBC: Extravesical incision of the bladder cuff; IVBC: Intrasvesical incision of the bladder cuff; TUBC: Transurethral incision of the bladder cuff; LN: Lymph node; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; pT: Pathological tumor.