Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: State of the art

Table 2 A proposed classification of balloon pulmonary angioplasty complications in the 6^th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension

During the procedure	After the procedure
Vascular injury with/without hemoptysis	Lung injury (radiographic opacity with/without hemoptysis, with/without hypoxemia)
Wire perforation	Renal dysfunction
Balloon over-dilatation	Access site problems
High-pressure contrast injection
Vascular dissection
Allergic reaction to contrast
Adverse reaction to conscious sedation/local anesthesia

Signs of vascular injury: Extravasation of contrast, hypoxemia, cough, tachycardia, increased pulmonary arterial pressure; Causes of lung injury: Vascular injury much greater than reperfusion lung injury.