Utilising digital health to improve medication-related quality of care for hypertensive patients: An integrative literature review

Table 2 Comparison of main elements between digital health interventions for hypertensive care

Project	Study base/area	Intervention	Focus area	Follow up (mo)	Drop off (%)
mPower Heart[23]	Primary care; rural	Mobile phone	Clinical decision-support	18	NR
NR (Mobile) [39,45]	Home; NR	Mobile phone	Health care resource utilization; health self-management	6	13.0
HINTS[27,31,42,44,47]	Home; urban	Telemedicine	Improving BP control	18	15.0
DMO[43,49]	Clinic; urban	Digital medicine	Effect of the DMO on BP; patient engagement; provider decision making	3	11.0
DTxs[25,26]	NR	Mobile phone	Effectiveness of Dtxs on reducing BP; using machine learning to predict intervention completion	3	17.4
eHSM[24]	Community; urban	Telehealth	Monitoring self-management; control of blood pressure	6	6.1
mHealth[46]	Community; rural	Telehealth and SMS	Patient-centred care and self-management	6	16.3
CPS[28]	Primary care; rural	Telehealth	Medication management; healthcare access and quality in rural areas	29	NA
NR (Internet)[40]	Home; urban	Internet	Expert-driven e-counselling in motivating lifestyle change to control blood pressure	4	11.0
SMASK[22]	Primary care	Mobile phone	Self-management to improve BP and medication adherence after kidney transplant	12	0.0
Ochsner[48]	Home	Digital medicine	Medication management and lifestyle change	3	NR
DHFS[29]	Pharmacy; urban	mHealth system	Medication management; self-management to improve BP	2	0.0
REACH[50]	Urban	Internet	e-counselling and motivation in self-care	12	17.0
Pill Phone[51]	Urban	Mobile phone	Medication reminder	6	4.0
NR (SMS)[52]	Hospital;NR	SMS	Enhancement of adherence to non-pharmacological treatment; self-management	3	NR
eSahha[32,53,54]	Primary care; rural	SMS	Effect of eHealth tools on accessibility to health services; detection and referrals rates in rural settings	12	NR
mWellcare[41]	Primary care; rural	mHealth system	Management of the chronic conditions; long-term monitoring and follow-up	12	10.1
DREAM‐GLOBAL[30]	Primary care; rural	SMS	Health services delivery, mobile health technologies and patient engagement	2	14.1
MESMI[55]	Primary care; urban	Multifactorial intervention	Self-monitoring and medicine review	7	6.3

NR: Not report; BP: Blood pressure; NA: Not applicable; HINTS: Hypertension Intervention Nurse Telemedicine Study; CPS: Clinical pharmacy specialists; DMO: Digital medicine offering; eHSM: eHealth self-management; SMASK: Smartphone Medication Adherence Saves Kidneys; DHFS: Digital health feedback system; SMS: Short Message Service; DTxs: Digital therapeutics; MESMI: Medication Self-Management Intervention.