Clinical presentation and early predictors for poor outcomes in pediatric myocarditis: A retrospective study

Table 3 Comparison between patients with good and poor outcomes

Variable	Early outcome (hospital discharge)			Late outcome (1 yr after admission)
	Good outcome(n = 24; 57%)	Poor outcome(n = 18; 43%)	P value	Good outcome (n = 35; 84%)	Poor outcome (n = 7; 16%)	P value
Age (years), median (IQR)	11 (5-12.5)	1.6 (1-8)	0.026	10 (2-13)	1.7 (0.9-3)	0.014
Male sex, n (%)	14 (78)	15 (62)	0.289	24 (68)	5 (71)	0.881
Evolution (days from initial symptoms), median (IQR)	2.5 (2-10)	7 (4-12)	0.036	4 (2-10)	7 (7-15)	0.043
Cardiac syndrome, n (%)
FM	2 (8)	10 (55)	< 0.001	7 (20)	5 (71)	< 0.001
CHF	6 (25)	4 (22)	0.834	8 (23)	2 (28)	0.746
Dysrhythmia	3 (12)	3 (16)	0.793	6 (17)	0 (0)	0.237
ACS-like	13 (54)	1 (5)	0.001	14 (40)	0 (0)	0.041
Viral prodromal, n (%)	15 (62)	14 (68)	0.289	23 (65)	6 (85)	0.296
Altered ECG, n (%)	22 (91)	17 (94)	0.729	32 (91)	7 (100)	0.421
CPR (mg/dL), median (IQR)	4 (2-147)	4 (3-125)	0.443	4 (2-144)	33 (3-156)	0.415
Troponin T (ng/mL), median (IQR)	118 (5-580)	91 (32-196)	0.789	103 (5-610)	52 (32-177)	0.447
NT-proBNP (pg/mL), median (IQR)	291 (92-300)	2700 (1955-4320)	< 0.001	300 (123-1955)	5700 (2500-10321)	0.002
LVEF (%), median (IQR)	65 (58-66)	34 (28-41)	< 0.001	59 (41-66)	29 (27-31)	< 0.001
LVDD Z score > 2, n (%)	9 (37)	17 (94)	< 0.001	19 (54)	7 (100)	0.023
Dyskinesia, n (%)	11 (46)	5 (27)	0.233	15 (43)	1 (14)	0.155
LGE in cMRI (n =21), n (%)	12 (75)	3 (60)	0.517	14 (70)	1 (100)	0.517
Positive Microbiology, n (%)	12 (50)	8 (44)	0.307	16 (45)	4 (57)	0.666

IQR: Interquartile range; CHF: Congestive heart failure; SCD: Sudden cardiac death; ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; FM: Fulminant myocarditis; CRP: C-reactive protein; LVEF: Left ventricle ejection fraction; LVDD: Left ventricle diastolic dysfunction; LGE: Late gadolinium enhancement; cMRI: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.