Overview of organic anion transporters and organic anion transporter polypeptides and their roles in the liver

Table 1 Organizational characteristics and substrates of human organic anion transporters[4,14,21,45,63,151,152,153]

Protein name	Alias	Chromosome localization	Distribution location	Substrates (Km value)
OAT1	SLC22A6	11q13.1	Kidney, brain, liver, stomach, pancreas	P-aminohippurate (PAH; 5 μmol), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; 0.97 μmol), α-ketoglutaric acid, captopril, methotrexate
OAT2	SLC22A7	6p21.1	Liver, kidney, embryonic liver and kidney	PAH, PGE2 (0.71 μmol), estrone-3-sulfate (E3S), α-ketoglutaric acid (17.8 μmol), cGMP, succinic acid, paclitaxel (0.14 μmol), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulfate, methotrexate, diclofenac, acyclovir, penciclovir, theophylline (12.6 μmol), erythromycin (18.5 μmol), salicylate (88.8 μmol)
OAT3	SLC22A8	11q11.7	Kidney, brain, liver, skeletal muscle, adrenal gland	PAH (87 μmol), PGE2 (0.34 μmol), E3S (3 μmol), zidovudine, cimetidine, bumetanide, ciprofloxacin, benzylpenicillin, pravastatin, methotrexate, bile acids, amino acids, MTX (11 μmol)
OAT4	SLC22A11	11q12.3	Kidney, placenta, adrenal gland	Urate, PGE2 (0.15 μmol), E3S (1 μmol), PAH, olmesartan, methotrexate, bumetanide
OAT5	SLC22A10	11q12.3	Liver	Unknown
OAT6	SLC22A20	11q13.1	Olfactory mucosa	E3S, PAH, PGE2, ibuprofen, ochratoxin A (OTA)
OAT7	SLC22A9	11q12.3	Liver	E3S, DHEA, sulfate, butyrate
OAT8	UST6	11q12.3	Liver	Unknown
OAT9	SLC22A27	Unknown
OAT10	SLC22A13	3p22.2	Kidney, brain, heart, colon	Lactate, nicotinate, succinate, glutathione urate
URAT1	SLC22A12	11q13.1	Kidney, vascular smooth muscle cells, liver, lung	Urea, chloride
S22AO	SLC22A24	11q12.3	Kidney	Unknown
OCTL2	SLC22A14	3p22.2	Testis, kidney	Unknown