Pre-eclampsia with new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus during pregnancy: A case report

Table 1 Case reports of pre-eclampsia with new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus during pregnancy

Ref.	Age in yr, gravity, parity	Initial symp-toms	Onset time of symp-toms	Time of pre-eclampsia diagnosis	Symp-toms suppor-ting SLE diagnosis	Time of SLE diagnosis	Positive antibo-dies	Other pregn-ancy complica-tions	Treatment of SLE	Fetal outcome	Birth gestation, fetal weight in g, and delivery method
Minakami et al[4], 1994	34 G4P2	Facial rash	Early first trimester	NS	Facial rash, discoid rash, oral ulcer, arthritis, proteinuria	Before delivery	Anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, ANA	Eclampsia, acute fatty liver, AMI	NS	NS	14 wk, Supravagi-nal amputation
Hildbrand et al[11], 2005	34 G5P3	Severe dyspnea, hyperten-sion, acute left heart failure	Immedia-tely after delivery	NS	Anemia, thromboc-ytopenia, proteinuria, acute heart failure, renal disorder	NS	Anti-dsDNA, ANA, anti-cardiolipin	Acute heart failure	Prednisone, cyclophosphamide	Live birth	36 wk, 1640 g, NS
Yang et al[5], 2006	22 G1P0	Facial malar rash, cold fingers, high fever	17 wk of gestation	Early third trimester	Facial malar rash, leukopenia, proteinuria	Before delivery	Anti-dsDNA, ANA	NS	Predniso-lone, hydroxych-loroquine, methylpr-ednisolone, azathiop-rine, colchicine	Live birth	33 wk, 1420 g, cesarean section
	31 G1P0	Skin rashes, lower leg edema, dizziness, palpitation, leukopenia	26 wk of gestation	38 wk of gestation	Skin rash, leukopenia, proteinuria, pulmonary edema	After delivery	Anti-dsDNA, ANA	Pulmonary edema after delivery	Predniso-lone, azathiop-rine, hydroxych-loroquine, methylpr-ednisol-one, azathiopr-ine	Live birth	38 wk, 3542 g, cesarean section
Matsuo et al[6], 2007	27 NS	proteinuria, pre-eclampsia	17 wk of gestation	31 wk of gestation	Continu-ous proteinuria, hematuria	12 mo after delivery	Anti-dsDNA, ANA	Lupus nephritis	Predniso-lone, cyclospor-ine	Live birth	31 wk, 1214 g, cesarean section
Borahay et al[7], 2009	20 G1P0	Hyperten-sion, headache, history of seizure	39 wk of gestation	39 wk of gestation	Fever, purpuric macules at the fingers, leukopenia, anemia, proteinuria	> 18 d after delivery	Anti-dsDNA, ANA	Leukocy-toclastic vasculitis, seizure, partial thrombosis of the proximal left transverse sinus	Methylp-redniso-lone, enoxaparin, prednisone, hydroxyc-hloroquine	Live birth	39 wk, NS
Stepanková et al[8], 2009	26 G1P0	Pre-eclampsia, HELLP syndrome	31 wk and 2 d of gestation	31 wk and 2 d of gestation	Proteinuria, anemia, thrombocy-topenia, fever	> 3 wk after delivery	Anti-dsDNA, ANA	HELLP syndrome, dilated cardiomy-opathy, NYHA class 3–4, lupus nephritis	Plasma exchange, steroids, cyclophos-phamide, mycophe-nolate mofetil	Live birth	31 wk and 2 d, 1900 g cesarean section
Miyamoto et al[9], 2014	32 G1P0	Pre-eclampsia	29 wk of gestation	29 wk of gestation	Thrombocy-topenia, proteinuria, anemia	5th day after delivery	Anti-dsDNA, ANA, anti-Sm, anti-RNP	NS	Prednisone	Live birth	29 wk, 1048 g, cesarean section
Karacha-lios 2018	35 G2P1	Edema in both legs, face and neck, history of RA for 6 yr and gestational hypothyr-oidism	34 wk plus 6 d of gestation	After delivery	Anemia, hypertens-ion, microsco-pic hematuria, proteinuria, respiratory alkalosis, bilateral pleural effusion	6th day after delivery	anti-dsDNA, ANA	Postpar-tum nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis	Cyclopho-sphamide, azathiop-rine, methylpr-ednisolone	Live birth	34 wk and 6 d, 2340 g, cesarean section
Current case	28 G1P0	Hyperten-sion, edema in both legs, proteinuria	27 wk of gestation	27 wk of gestation	Anemia, fever, convulsion, dyspnea, blurred vision, thrombus in bilateral popliteal veins, renal disorder	Before delivery	anti-dsDNA, ANA, anti-cardiolipin, anti-SSA, AnuA	Lupus nephritis, antiphos-pholipid syndrome	Nadropa-rin, Enoxaparin, hydrocor-tisone, methylpr-ednisolone, prednisone	Intrauter-ine death	27 wk and 3 d, 980 g, cesarean section

AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; ANA: Anti-nuclear antibody; AnuA: Anti-nucleosome antibody; anti-SSA: Anti-Sjögren’s syndrome-related antigen A antibody; NS: Not stated; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis; RNP: Ribonuclear protein; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus; NYHA: New York Heart Association.