Irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation management with integrative medicine: A systematic review

Table 5 Patterns listed in three traditional Chinese medicine clinical practice guidelines and one integrative medicine clinical practice guidelines for functional constipation

Title	FC
	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of common internal diseases in Chinese medicine: diseases of modern medicine: functional constipation	*	*	*	*	*
Diagnosis and treatment consensus on functional constipation with traditional Chinese medicine	*	*	*	*		*
Diagnosis and treatment expert consensus on chronic constipation with traditional Chinese medicine (2017)	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Diagnosis and treatment consensus on chronic constipation with integrative medicine	*	*	*	*	*	*	*

A: Pattern of intestinal excess heat: Dry bound stool, abdominal pain and/or distention, dry and bitter taste in the mouth, scant reddish urine, reddened complexion, vexation and inability to sleep, red tongue, yellow and dry fur, slippery and rapid pulse; B: Pattern of intestinal qi stagnation: Inhibited defecation, dry or non-dry stool, abdominal pain and distention, borborigmus and frequent fecal qi, frequent belching, agitation or depression, pale red tongue, thin and slimy fur, string-like pulse; C: Pattern of dual deficiency of the lung-spleen: Difficult defecation but with desire, sweating and short of breath after exerting strength, lack of strength after defecation, lassitude of spirit and laziness of speech, pale tongue, white fur, weak pulse; D: Pattern of spleen-kidney yang deficiency: Difficult defecation, clear and abundant urine, cold pain in abdomen, lack of warm in limbs, bright pale complexion, pale tongue, white fur, sunken and slow pulse; E: Pattern of yin deficiency and intestinal dryness: Dry bound stool like globule, dry mouth and less fluid, vexation and insomnia, tidal fever and night sweating, red tongue, scanty fur, thin and rapid pulse; F: Pattern of fluid depletion and blood deficiency: Dry bound stool like globule, dry mouth and less fluid, dizziness and tinnitus, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, palpitations and fearful throbbing, pale or red tongue, white or scanty fur, weak pulse; G: Pattern of cold accumulation: Difficult defecation, urgent and cold pain in abdomen with relief by warmth, lack of warm in limbs, light and dark tongue, white and greasy fur, string-like and tight pulse. FC: Functional constipation.