Nomograms for pre- and postoperative prediction of long-term survival among proximal gastric cancer patients: A large-scale, single-center retrospective study

Table 1 Comparison of preoperative and postoperative clinicopathology data in the training and validation sets

	Model set (n = 560)		Validation set (n = 186)	P value
Age (yr)				0.648
< 65	313		98
≥ 65	247		88
Gender				0.446
Female	98		35
Male	462		151
BMI (kg/m2)				0.382
< 25	473		162
≥ 25	87		24
Preoperative tumor size(cm)				0.736
< 5	272		93
≥ 5	288		93
Preoperative N stage				0.965
N0	269		89
N+	291		97
Preoperative T stage				0.066
T1-3	190		77
T4	370		109
Preoperative CA19-9 (U/mL)				0.643
< 33.35	463		151
≥ 33.35	97		35
Preoperative CEA (µg/mL)				0.487
< 4	365		116
≥ 4	195		70
ASA score				0.511
1	309		114
2	195		58
3	55		14
4	1		0
Accompanying disease				0.087
No	359		132
Yes	201		54
History of epigastric operation				0.432
No	544		183
Yes	16		3
Preoperative Charlson score				0.311
0	368		133
1-2	184		50
≥ 3	8		3
HB, g/L				0.208
≥ 9.0	500		172
< 9.0	60		14
ALB, g/L				0.096
≥ 35	418		150
< 35	142		36
Fibrinogen, g/L				0.067
< 4	364		107
≥ 4	196		79
3- to 6-mo weight reduction				0.835
No	321		105
Yes	239		81
Lymph node ratio	0.158 ± 0.200		0.192 ± 0.227	0.069
Postoperative T stage				0.248
T1	73		35
T2	67		19
T3	162		54
T4a	258		78
Postoperative N stage				0.583
N0	169		65
N1	95		26
N2	101		34
N3	195		61
Involvement of the esophagus with the tumor				0.028
No	370		139
Yes	190		47
Postoperative tumor size (cm)				0.233
< 5	231		86
≥ 5	329		100
LVI				0.72
No	408		133
Yes	152		53
Postoperative blood transfusion				0.745
No	498		167
Yes	62		19
General complications				0.495
No	486		165
Yes	74		21
Presence of digestive tract fistula				0.498
No	552		182
Yes	8		4
Postoperative obstruction				1
No	553		184
Yes	7		2
Infection of incisional wound				0.339
No	555		186
Yes	5		0
Intra-abdominal infection				0.422
No	549		184
Yes	11		2
Pulmonary infection				0.459
No	521		170
Yes	39		16
Peritoneal lymphatic fistula				0.751
No	550		182
Yes	10		4
Intra-abdominal hemorrhage				0.74
No	552		183
Yes	8		3
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy				1
No	548		183
Yes	12		3
Adjuvant chemotherapy				0.069
No	258		100
Yes	302		86