Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy: A potential strategy for ER-positive breast cancer

Table 4 Genomic assays to predict outcome in neoadjuvant endocrine therapy

Genomic assay	Gene number	Genomic information	Method	Current results in NAE	Ref.
Oncotype DX®	21 (16+5)	Proliferative-related genes: Ki67 AURKA, BIRC5, CCNB1, MYBL2	QRT-PCR	Recurrence score; low RS results imply a greater likelihood of response to NAE	[62-63]
		Invasive-related genes: MMP11, CTSL2
		Estrogen-related genes: ESR1, PGR, BCL2, SCUBE2
		HER2-related genes: ERBB2, GRB7
		Other genes: GSTM1, CD68, BAG1
		Reference genes: ACTB, GAPDH, RPLPO, GUS, TFRC
EndoPredict (EP)	12 (8+4)	Proliferative-related genes: BIRC5, UBE2C, DHCR7	QRT-PCR	Lower genomic risk related to favorable response.	[69]
		Estrogen-related genes: RBBP8, IL6ST, AZGP1, MGP, STC2
		Reference genes: CALM1, OAZ1, RPL37A, HBB
MammaPrint (and BluepPrint)	70	AA555029_RC, ALDH4A1, AP2B1, AYTL2, BBC3, C16orf61, C20orf46, C9orf30, CCNE2, CDC42BPA, CDCA7, CENPA, COL4A2, DCK, DIAPH3, DTL, EBF4, ECT2, EGLN1, ESM1, EXT1, etc.	Microarray analysis	Distinguish breast cancer subtypes; luminal-subtype patients have a promising prognosis	[73]
Four-gene predictive model	4	Proliferative-related genes: ASPM and MCM4	QRT-PCR or IHC	Associated to RFS and BCS	[75]
		Immune-related gene: IL6ST
		Apoptosis induction-related gene: NGFRAP1

NAE: Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy; QRT-PCR: Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction; IHC: Immunohistochemistry.