Risk factors for perforation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in post-reconstruction intestinal tract

Figure 1 Shape of scope in Billroth-II reconstruction. A, B: J-shaped scope inserted to the papilla; C, D: L-shaped, or looped, scope inserted to the papilla. The scope cannot be advanced to the papilla without looping the scope. Cases wherein looping is required during insertion, and releasing the loop during or after reaching the papilla, are included in this category.