Usefulness of colonic tattooing using indocyanine green in patients with colorectal tumors

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients n (%)

Baseline characteristics			TG (n = 114)	NTG (n = 228)	P value
Age			67.91 ± 8.94	66.81 ± 10.18	0.326
Gender (M/F)			81/33 (71.1%/28.9%)	153/75 (67.1%/32.9%)	0.461
BMI (kg/m2)			23.96 ± 2.77	24.31 ± 3.16	0.311
Underlying disease	DM		22 (19.3)	48 (21.1)	0.733
	HTN		56 (49.1)	105 (46.1)	0.542
	CKD		2 (1.8)	2 (0.9)	0.602
	Hepatitis		3 (2.7)	4 (1.8)	0.574
Smoking	Present		45 (39.5)	66 (28.9)	0.044
	Never		58 (50.9)	141 (61.8)
	Past		11(9.6)	21 (9.3)
Alcohol	Present		61 (53.5)	80 (35.1)	< 0.01
	Never		31 (27.2)	89 (39.0)
	Past		22 (19.3)	59 (25.9)
All-cause mortality			2 (1.8)	7 (3.1)	0.723
Stage (n = 301)	0		7 (6.1)	12 (5.3)	0.931
	I		57 (50.0)	118 (51.8)
	II		15 (13.2)	30 (13.2)
	III		23 (20.2)	39 (17.1)
Histologic type	Adeno-carcinoma	Well	6 (5.3)	4 (1.8)	0.638
	(n = 301)	Moderate	93 (81.6)	188 (82.5)
		Poor	3 (2.6)	7 (3.1)
	Adenoma	Low grade	5 (4.4)	11 (4.8)
	(n = 41)	High grade	7 (6.1)	18 (7.9)
Operation method	Laparoscopic anterior resection		53 (46.5)	107 (46.9)	0.88
	Laparoscopic Rt. hemicolectomy		25 (21.9)	70 (30.7)
	Laparoscopic Lt. hemicolectomy		10 (8.8)	18 (7.9)
Complication	Edema		1 (0.9)
	Intra-abdominal leakage		1 (0.9)
Margin from the lesion	Proximal		13.45 ± 9.5 cm
	Distal		7.07 ± 5.2 cm

TG: Tattooed group; NTG: Non-tattooed group; M: Male; F: Female; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HTN: Hypertension; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; BMI: Body mass index.