Prognostic impact of hypernatremia for septic shock patients in the intensive care unit

Table 2 Univariate analysis for risk factors of intensive care unit-acquired hypernatremia in septic shock patients, n (%)/mean ± SD

	IAH	Normonatremia	Univariate	P value
	(n = 62)	(n = 54)	OR (95%CI)
Diabetes mellitus	17 (27.42)	10 (18.52)	1.66 (0.69-4.03)	0.26
Kidney insufficiency	3 (4.84)	10 (18.52)	0.22 (0.06-0.86)	0.029
Body temperature max, °C	38.15 (37.40-38.60)	37.50 (37.20-38.10)	1.17 (0.85-1.60)	0.348
Urine volume, ml
1st + 2nd + 3rd	5775.00 (2908.75-7512.50)	3730.00 (257.50, 5732.50)	1.10 (1.04-1.17)	0.002
The sodium content of EN
315 mg	13 (20.97)	7 (12.96)	1.78 (0.65-4.85)	0.259
500 mg	26 (41.94)	10 (18.52)	3.18 (1.36-7.45)	0.008
670 mg	19 (30.65)	4 (7.41)	5.52 (1.74-17.49)	0.004
Diuretic	43 (69.35)	26 (48.15)	2.44 (1.14-5.21)	0.021
Mannitol	8 (12.90)	4 (7.41)	1.85 (0.53-6.53)	0.338
Glucocorticoids	37 (59.68)	27 (50.00)	1.48 (0.71-3.09)	0.296
Blood glucose max, mmol/L	10.86 ± 3.62	9.73 ± 3.51	1.09 (0.98-1.22)	0.095
CRP, mg/L	191.49 ± 92.02	166.42 ± 84.56	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.135
Lym, 109/L	0.34 (0.20, 0.53)	0.39 (0.21, 0.62)	0.71 (0.31-1.62)	0.419
Serum prealbumin, mg/L	68.35 (50.55, 100.45)	81.20 (63.68, 118.38)	0.99 (0.98-1.00)	0.073
ALB, g/L	26.23 ± 5.55	27.52 ± 5.40	0.96 (0.89-1.03)	0.209
BUN, mmol/L	18.90 (11.15, 25.88)	15.00 (11.43, 24.14)	1.00 (0.98-1.03)	0.833
BUN/SCr	227.44 ± 117.94	198.05 ± 90.72	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.144
APACHE II score	17.49 ± 5.52	16.38 ± 8.30	1.02 (0.97-1.08)	0.402
SOFA score	10.31 ± 3.98	9.48 ± 5.41	1.04 (0.96-1.13)	0.356
SIRS, n (%)	58 (93.55)	52 (96.30)	0.56 (0.10-3.17)	0.51

IAH: ICU-acquired hypernatremia; ICU: Intensive care unit; OR: Odd ratio; EN: Enteral nutrition; CRP: C-reactive protein; Lym: Lymphocytes; ALB: Serum albumin; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; BUN/SCr: Urea-to-creatinine ratio; APACHE II: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome.