Internal hernia as a rare cause of small bowel obstruction: An insight from 13 years of experience

Table 2 Comparison of results of various studies available in the literature

Ref.	Number of patients with IH	Presentation	Preoperative diagnosis	Type of surgery (laparoscopic/open)	Outcome
Newsom et al [25], (1986)	14 [CIH (n = 8), AIH (n = 6)]	AIO (n = 14), CIO (n = none)	None (based on roentgenogram)	All open; operated as emergency surgery; 9 required bowel resection	Postoperative mortality: 31%
Ghiassi et al[26], (2007)	49 [CIH (n = 15), AIH (n = 34)]	AIO (n = 37), CIO (n = 11)	4 (based on computed tomography scan)	Open (n = 31); laproscopy (n = 13); laproscopy converted to open (n = 5). All operated as emergency surgery; 11 required bowel resections	Postoperative mortality: 2%. Morbidity: 12%
Poves et al[27], (2014)	6 [CIH (n = 2), AIH (n = 4)]	AIO (n = 6), CIO (n = none)	NA	Laproscopy (n = 4), laproscopy converted to open (n = 2). All 6 operated as emergency surgery; 2 required bowel resections	NA
John et al[28], (2016)	6 [CIH (n = 4), AIH (n = 2)]	AIO (n = 6), CIO (n = none)	1	All open; operated as emergency surgery; 3 required bowel resections	Postoperative mortality: None. Morbidity: NA
Present Study	7 [CIH (n = 4), AIH (n = 3)]	AIO (n = 2), CIO (n = 5)	5	Open (n = 3), laproscopy (n = 4). The 2 operated as emergency and 5 as semi-elective surgery; 1 required bowel resection	Postoperative mortality: None. Morbidity: 14%

IH: Internal hernia; CIH: Congenital internal hernia; AIH: Acquired internal hernia; AIO: Acute intestinal obstruction; CIO: Chronic intestinal obstruction; Open: Laparotomy; Laproscopy: Laparoscopic surgery.