Multimodal imaging techniques for the diagnosis of congenital left renal arteriovenous fistula: A case report

Figure 6 Digital subtraction angiography examination of the left renal artery. A and B: Rapid visualization of the left renal vein. An arteriovenous fistula formation was observed in 4 branches of the left renal artery, contrast extravasation was observed, along with a large lamellar vascular malformation in the lower pole of the left kidney; C and D: The diseased artery was embolized with a spring coil. Postembolization review revealed complete embolization of the diseased artery, closure of the arteriovenous fistula, and no early visualization of the left renal vein.