Perioperative and long-term results of ultrasonography-guided single- and multiple-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn calculi

Table 4 Comparison of effect of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on renal function (mean ± SD)

Parameters	S-PCNL (n = 186)	M-PCNL (n = 159)	P value
Hb (× 102 g/L)
Pre-operation	1.41 ± 0.25	1.41 ± 0.18	0.83
Post-operation	1.23 ± 0.12	1.09 ± 0.17	< 0.001
Cre (μmol/L)
Pre-operation	83.18 ± 6.92	86.20 ± 5.60	< 0.001
Post-operation	81.46 ± 7.29	82.49 ± 6.78	0.176
WBC (× 109/L)
Pre-operation	6.60 ± 2.32	5.76 ± 2.11	0.069
Post-operation	7.52 ± 2.55	7.24 ± 2.54	0.306

S-PNCL: Standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy; M-PNCL: Multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy; WBC: White blood cells.