Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Figure 6 Functional role of miRNA in the advanced glycation end product/receptor of advanced glycation end products activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway. The advanced glycation end product/receptor of advanced glycation end products -activated nuclear factor (NF) pathway inhibits GLUT-4 release from the cellular membrane. miR-129-5p, miR-29b-3p upregulate the pathway. However, miR-191, miR-146b-3p and miR-191 show an inhibitory effect. Furthermore, miR 214 increases GLUT-4 expression by simultaneously upregulating the PI3k/AKT pathway and inhibiting the NF- pathway. AGE: Advanced glycation end product; RAGE: Receptor of advanced glycation end product; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa beta.