Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 2 Role of miRNA in various metabolic pathways

No.	miRNA	Target pathway	Model	Disease	Effect	Ref.
1	miR-21	NF-κβ	db/db mice	Metabolic syndrome and obesity	Up-regulated	[48]
2	miR-124	NF-κβ	Primary rat retinal microglial cells		Down-regulated	[49]
3	miR-471-3p	NF-κβ	Raw264.7 cells and db/db mice	Diabetic cardiomyopathy	Up-regulated	[50]
4	miR-46a	NF-κβ	Human blood	Hyperlipidemia	Up-regulated	[51]
5	miR-200b	NF-κβ	Huvec line		Down-regulated	[52]
6	miR-200c	NF-κβ	Huvec line		Down-regulated	[52]
7	miR-210	PKC			Down-regulated	[54]
8	miR-25	PKC	Adult male balb/c mice and diabetic db/db mice	Diabetic peripheral neuropathy	Down-regulated	[55]
9	miR-21-3p	PKC	Human aortic vsmcs (C-12511, promocell, and human vets	Diabetic atherosclerosis	Down-regulated	[56]
10	miR-92a	PKC	db/db mice	Diabetes mellitus	Up-regulated	[57]
11	miR-185	NO	Three-month-old male sprague–dawley rats	Diabetes mellitus	Down-regulated	[59]
12	miR-195	NO	Mvec cell lines	Deep vein thrombosis	Down-regulated	[60]
13	miR-582	NO	Mvec cell lines	Deep vein thrombosis	Down-regulated	[60]
14	miR-191	PI3K/AKT	Male C57bl/6j mice		Up-regulated	[62]
15	miR-29b-3p	PI3K/AKT	Human serum and Hek-293t cells	Diabetic retinopathy	Up-regulated	[62]
16	miR-29c-3p	PI3K/AKT	Rat	Diabetes mellitus	Up-regulated	[62]
17	miR-199a-5p	PI3K/AKT	Rat	Diabetes mellitus	Down-regulated	[62]
18	miR-532-3p	PI3K/AKT	Rat	Diabetes mellitus	Down-regulated	[62]
19	miR-93-5p	PI3K/AKT	Rat	Diabetes mellitus	Down-regulated	[62]
20	miR-150-5p	PI3K/AKT	Rat	Diabetes mellitus	Down-regulated	[63]
21	miR-345-3p	PI3K/AKT	Rat	Diabetes mellitus	Down-regulated	[64]
22	miR-25-3p	PI3K/AKT	Human blood	Diabetic retinopathy	Down-regulated	[65]
23	miR-214	PI3K/AKT	Male sprague dawley rats	Diabetic nephropathys	Down-regulated	[66]
24	miR-203	PI3K/AKT	Rat	Diabetic foot ulcer	Up-regulated	[67]
25	miR-129-5p	PI3K/AKT	Sprague dawley rats	Intracerebral Haemorrhage	Down-regulated	[68]
26	miR-146b-3p	PI3K/AKT	Human blood		Down-regulated	[69]

PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase; NF-κβ: Nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1.