Effects of traditional Chinese medicine on symptoms of patients with spleen and stomach deficiency-related tinnitus

Table 1 Characteristics of patients

	Treatment group (n = 58)	Control group (n = 52)	P value1
Gender (M/F)	34/24	32/20	0.5412
Age (year)	63.3 ± 10.22	65.4 ± 8.15	0.532
Duration of tinnitus (month)	8.0 ± 5.4	8.2 ± 4.6	0.556
Hearing loss (yes/no)	29/21	30/20	0.1722
Sleep disturbance (yes/no)	46/12	43/10	0.0912
Poor dietary habits (yes/no)	38/20	34/18	0.3852
Spleen-stomach diseases (yes/no)	48/10	43/9	0.8912
TEQ	13.56 ± 2.88	12.78 ± 2.98	0.423
PSQI	10.5 ± 5.20	10.7 ± 4.82	0.361
DASS-21
Depression	10.17 ± 4.10	11.22 ± 5.53	0.475
Anxiety	9.05 ± 3.66	9.78 ± 4.32	0.197
Stress	12.51 ± 6.32	13.09 ± 5.76	0.061

¹Mann-Whitney U test.

²Fisher’s exact test.

M: Male; F:Female; TEQ: Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; DASS-21: Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21.