Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with hepatitis B: A meta-analysis

Table 4 Factors associated with hepatic steatosis in patients with hepatitis B infection

Variable	Number of studies	Random effects model		Heterogeneity			Publication bias
		OR or SMD (95%CI)	P value	Q value	P value	I2	Egger’s P value	Begg’s P value
BMI (kg/m2)	7	OR: 1.24 (1.21, 1.27)	< 0.01	27.79	< 0.01	78.40	0.69	0.88
	5	SMD: 2.40 (1.20, 3.61)	< 0.01	34.11	< 0.01	88.30	0.94	0.73
ALT	5	OR: 1.01 (1.00, 1.03)	0.05	140.35	< 0.01	97.10	0.38	0.81
	5	SMD: 6.76 (0.92, 12.60)	0.02	24.28	< 0.01	83.50	0.01	0.46
Creatinine	2	SMD: 4.73 (4.15, 5.31)	< 0.01	0.17	0.68	0.00	NA	0.32
UA	3	SMD: 64.24 (60.75, 67.74)	< 0.01	0.59	0.74	0.00	0.16	0.60
FBG	6	OR: 1.58 (1.13, 1.77)	< 0.01	114.14	< 0.01	95.60	0.49	0.85
	5	SMD: 1.55 (1.43, 1.68)	< 0.01	9.86	0.04	59.40	0.92	0.81
Cholesterol	7	SMD: 0.37 (0.12, 0.62)	< 0.01	37.01	< 0.01	83.80	0.01	0.76
LDL-C	6	SMD: 0.28 (0.03, 0.52)	0.03	66.65	< 0.01	92.50	0.06	0.71
Triglyceride	6	OR: 1.71 (1.14, 2.55)	0.01	59.19	< 0.01	91.60	0.04	0.45
HOMA-IR	3	OR: 1.46 (1.17, 1.83)	< 0.01	6.68	0.03	70.90	0.40	0.60

BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Alanine aminotransaminase; UA: Uric acid; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; SMD: Standardized mean differences.