Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with hepatitis B: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Study characteristics

Ref.	Study location	Number of NAFLD	Sample size (HBV+ /HBV-)	Age (year)	Gender (F/M)	Subtype of study	Diagnosis of fatty liver	Follow	Adjusted OR/RR (95%CI)
Wang et al[20], 2008	Taiwan	257	50/457	44.6 ± 1.4/46.8 ± 0.4	264/243	Case-control	Ultrasonography	NA	0.97 (0.48, 1.95)
Yun et al[21], 2009	Korea	44	68/18	21.0 (20-26)	0/86	Case-control	Liver biopsy	2005-2006	1.19 (1.17, 2.83)
Wong et al[22], 2012	Hong Kong	273	91/922	49 ± 10/48 ± 11	580/433	Cross-sectional	MRS	2008-2010	0.42 (0.20, 0.88)
Cheng et al[23], 2013	Taiwan	14671	3642/29797	51.9 ± 13.1	15182/18257	Cross-sectional	Ultrasonography	2002-2009	0.66 (0.59, 0.72)
Peng et al[24], 2013	China	527	253/922	20-74	438/1131	Case-control	Ultrasonography	2007-2008	3.96 (2.10, 7.48)
Yilmaz et al[25], 2015	Turkey	28	88/0	31 ± 1.1	27/61	Cross-sectional	Liver biopsy	NA	0.21 (0.11, 0.41)
Chan et al[26], 2017	Hong Kong	107	270/0	43.6 ± 11.3	67/203	Cohort	Liver biopsy	2006-2009	0.43 (0.30, 0.60)
Joo et al[27], 2017	Korea	20200	3926/79413	38.5 (7.2)/ 37.5 (7.6)	40856/42483	Cohort	Ultrasonography	2002-2014	0.78 (0.72, 0.84)
Zhong et al[28], 2018	China	631	291/2697	45-66	1849/1139	Case-control	Ultrasonography	2015-2016	0.64 (0.42, 0.95)
Azarkar et al[12], 2019	Iran	336	373/447	41.1 ± 12.9/39.8 ± 13.9	403/420	Case-control	Ultrasonography	2013-2014	0.62 (0.455, 0.845)
Lee et al[29], 2019	Korea	70	321/0	41 (33-49)	125/196	Cohort	Liver biopsy	2007-2015	1.56 (0.90, 2.71)
Peleg et al[30], 2019	Israel	241	524/0	42.32 (18.5-83.5)	209/315	Cohort	Ultrasonography	2007-2017	0.08 (0.02, 0.28)
Sharif et al[31], 2019	Pakistan	166	230/0	36.8 ± 10.84	27/203	Cross-sectional	Transient elastography	2018-2019	5.4 (3.62, 8.03)
Wang et al[13], 2019	China	308	152/1714	46.42 ± 10.291	1866/0	Cohort	Ultrasonography	2011-2014	0.656 (0.379, 1.134)
Zhu et al[32], 2019	China	283	2393/0	50.7 ± 13.2	1767/626	Cohort	Ultrasonography	2012-2015	0.89 (0.69, 1.15)
Huang et al[33], 2020	China	4917	2110/12342	43.84 ± 13.03	6710/7742	Cohort	Ultrasonography	2016-2018	0.717 (0.608, 0.846)
Su et al[34], 2020	Taiwan	104	30/74	49.97 ± 14.76	47/57	Cross-sectional	Liver biopsy	2009-2018	3.55 (1.46, 8.58)
Zhuang et al[35], 2020	China	88	46/42	37.37 ± 10.11/39.64 ± 12.31	13/75	Cross-sectional	MRS	2013-2016	0.322 (0.095, 0.550)
Lv et al[10], 2021	China	6315	5680/10771	42.6 ± 11.2/46.9 ± 10.6	6519/9932	Cohort	Ultrasonography	2013-2017	NA
Zhou et al[36], 2022	China	32	78/105	45.41 ± 11.59	54/129	Cross-sectional	Ultrasonography	2019-2020	1.95 (0.90, 4.22)

NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; F: Female; M: Male; NA: Not applicable; MRS: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy.