Meta-analysis of the association between chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease

Table 1 Basic characteristics of the literature on the correlation between chronic kidney disease and chronic periodontitis

Ref.	Research location	Research type	Sample size (CKD/non-CKD)	Outcome indicators (number of cases of chronic periodontitis)	Effect size (95%CI)	CP diagnostic criteria
Yoshioka et al[8]	Japan	Cross-sectional study	66 (10/16)	45	OR = 3.169 (1.031-9.742)	According to CPI
Tsai et al[9]	Taiwan of China	Cross-sectional study	1280 (318/926)	668	OR = 3.80 (1.56-9.27)	According to AAP-EFP 2017 Symposium
Ioannidou and Swede[10]	United States of America	Cross-sectional study	3681 (81/3600)	354	OR = 1.59 (1.14-2.13)	According to CDC-AAP
Han et al[11]	Korea	Cross-sectional study	15729 (252/15477)	5143	OR = 1.39 (1.03-1.89)	According to CPI
Fisher et al[12]	United States of America	Cross-sectional study	12947 (617/12330)	784	OR = 1.60 (1.16-2.21)	According to CPI
Lamba et al[13]	United States of America	Cross-sectional study	210 (105/105)	121	OR = 3.954 (2.09-7.45)	According to the 2017 World Symposium on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions
Kshirsagar et al[4]	United States of America	Cross-sectional study	5537 (110/5427)	3223	OR = 2.14 (1.19-3.85)	As defined by the Working Group on Periodontal Infection Surveillance
Ioannidou et al[14]	United States of America	Cross-sectional study	3686 (59/3627)	105	OR = 1.75 (1.13-2.71)	According to CDC-AAP
Sharma et al[15]	United States of America	Cohort study	13784 (861/12923)	1809	HR = 1.41 (1.36-1.47)	According to CDC-AAP (Page & Eke 2007)
Grubbs et al[16]	United States of America	Cohort study	761 (56/705)	270	RR = 2.01 (1.21–3.44)	According to European seminar standards
Grubbs et al[17]	United States of America	Cohort study	699 (21/678)	114	RR = 4.18 (1.68-10.39)	According to CDC-AAP 2003
Chen et al[18]	Taiwan of China	Cohort study	100263 (550/99713)	13749	OR = 1.59 (1.37-1.86)	According to CPI (CPITN)
Li et al[19]	United States of America	Cohort study	4271	2213	HR = 1.578 (1.54, 1.61)	According to CDC-AAP

CP: Chronic periodontitis; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; CPI: Community Periodontal Index; CPITN: Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs; CDC-AAP: Centers for Disease Control and the American Academy of Periodontology; AAP-EFP: American Academy of Periodontology and European Federation of Periodontology.