Association of education with cholelithiasis and mediating effects of cardiometabolic factors: A Mendelian randomization study

Table 3 UVMR estimating causal associations between education, cognition, and intelligence and each mediator

Exposure	Mediator	Method	No. of SNPs	β (95%CI)	P value
Education	BMI	IVW	332	-0.36 (-0.42 to -0.31)	9.57E-39
		MR Egger	332	-0.30 (-0.50 to -0.10)	2.92E-03
		Weighted Median	332	-0.29 ( -0.33 to -0.25)	1.56E-46
		MR PRESSO	651	-0.35 (-0.37 to -0.33)	1.44E-60
	BF%	IVW	332	-0.28 (-0.32 to -0.24)	1.10E-41
		MR Egger	332	-0.24 (-0.38 to -0.10)	1.11E-03
		Weighted Median	332	-0.24 (-0.28 to -0.21)	7.71E-51
		MR PRESSO	541	-0.29 (-0.30 to -0.28)	5.98E-66
	Waist circumference	IVW	271	-0.30 (-0.36 to -0.23)	5.57E-20
		MR Egger	271	-0.41 (-0.66 to -0.17)	1.11E-03
		Weighted Median	271	-0.26 (-0.34 to -0.18)	1.96E-10
		MR PRESSO	91	-0.27 (-0.30 to -0.24)	3.59E-22
	WHR	IVW	271	-0.28 (-0.34 to -0.23)	5.91E-26
		MR Egger	271	-0.32 (-0.53 to -0.12)	1.89E-03
		Weighted Median	271	-0.25 (-0.32 to -0.17)	2.26E-10
		MR PRESSO	21	-0.28 (-0.31 to -0.25)	1.31E-25
	Watching TV	IVW	332	-0.41 (-0.44 to -0.39)	9.10E-226
		MR Egger	332	-0.44 (-0.53 to -0.35)	9.50E-19
		Weighted Median	332	-0.38 (-0.41 to -0.35)	7.23E-145
		MR PRESSO	121	-0.42 (-0.44 to -0.40)	2.22E-127
Cognition	Watching TV	IVW	106	-0.20 (-0.24 to -0.16)	5.11E-25
		MR Egger	106	-0.26 (-0.42 to -0.10)	1.57E-03
		Weighted Median	106	-0.20 (-0.18 to -0.11)	1.43E-20
		MR PRESSO	171	-0.18 (-0.20 to -0.16)	1.78E-26
Intelligence	Watching TV	IVW	136	-0.21(-0.25 to -0.18)	1.77E-36
		MR Egger	136	-0.32(-0.47 to -0.16)	9.16E-05
		Weighted Median	136	-0.19(-0.22 to -0.16)	3.76E-42
		MR PRESSO	211	-0.20(-0.22 to -0.18)	4.11E-32

¹Number of outliers. BMI: Body mass index; MR: Mendelian randomization; SNPs: Single nucleotide polymorphisms; TV: Television; IVW: Inverse variance weighted; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio.