Evaluation of the effects of health education interventions for hypertensive patients based on the health belief model

Table 2 Changes in blood pressure, medication adherence, self-efficacy, and health beliefs between the two groups over time, mean ± SD

Variable	Intervention group (n = 70)			Control group (n = 80)			Group-by-time interaction
	Baseline	3 months	6 months	Baseline	3 months	6 months	P value
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	149 ± 14	136 ± 12a	133 ± 11a	150 ± 14	145 ± 13	143 ± 12	< 0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	91 ± 9	83 ± 8a	81 ± 7a	92 ± 9	89 ± 8	88 ± 7	< 0.001
Medication adherence score (MMAS-8)	6.2 ± 1.8	7.4 ± 1.1a	7.6 ± 1.0a	6.1 ± 1.8	6.5 ± 1.7	6.7 ± 1.6	< 0.001
Self-efficacy score (SEMCDS)	68.4 ± 1.7	72.4 ± 1.5a	73.2 ± 1.4a	68.0 ± 1.7	69.5 ± 1.6	70.0 ± 1.5	< 0.001
Perceived benefits score (HHBS)	16.8 ± 2.4	18.2 ± 2.2a	18.5 ± 2.1a	16.7 ± 2.4	17.0 ± 2.3	17.2 ± 2.2	< 0.001
Perceived barriers score (HHBS)	11.2 ± 3.1	9.8 ± 2.9a	9.5 ± 2.8a	11.3 ± 3.1	10.9 ± 3.0	10.7 ± 2.9	< 0.001
Perceived susceptibility score (HHBS)	14.6 ± 2.9	16.0 ± 2.7a	16.3 ± 2.6a	14.5 ± 2.9	15.0 ± 2.8	15.2 ± 2.7	< 0.001
Perceived severity score (HHBS)	15.4 ± 2.7	16.8 ± 2.5a	17.1 ± 2.4a	15.3 ± 2.7	15.8 ± 2.6	16.0 ± 2.5	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 (significant differences between the intervention and control groups at the same time point).

MMAS-8: Morisky medication adherence scale; SEMCDS: Self-efficacy for managing chronic disease scale; HHBS: Hypertension health belief scale.