Airway ultrasound for patients anticipated to have a difficult airway: Perspective for personalized medicine

Figure 4 Identification of the cricothyroid membrane by airway ultrasound (reproduced from Figures 1 and 3 of Katayama et al[52], with the permission of the copyright holder). A: The patient’s neck: The asterisk indicates the area palpated by the surgeon to find the cricothyroid membrane. The red circle shows the cricothyroid membrane identified by ultrasound; B: Cervical computed tomography scan image: The white arrow points to the apparent center of the neck. The true center (sagittal line) of the neck is shifted to the right. The ultrasound probe (white trapezoid) is placed perpendicularly to the skin and the ultrasound beam (red dashed arrow) is directed toward the cricothyroid membrane. Citation: Katayama A, Watanabe K, Tokumine J, Lefor AK, Nakazawa H, Jimbo I, Yorozu T. Cricothyroidotomy needle length is associated with posterior tracheal wall injury: A randomized crossover simulation study (CONSORT). Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99: e19331. Copyright© The Authors 2020. Published by MDPI. The authors have obtained the permission for figure using (Supplementary material).