Non-clostridium difficile induced pseudomembranous colitis

Table 1 Treatment for various causes of pseudomembranous colitis per prior literature

Cause for pseudomembranous colitis	Treatment
Staphylococcus	Vancomycin
Klebsiella Oxytoca	Withdrawal of antibiotics, conservative management
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7	Withdrawal of antibiotics, supportive management
Cytomegalovirus	Anti-viral therapy
Strongyloides Stercoralis	Anti-helminthic agents
Entamoeba Histolytica	Nitroimidazoles
Inflammatory bowel disease	Conventional IBD treatment
Collagenous colitis	Stop offending agents (NSAIDS), Supportive management
Medications, illicit drugs	Stop the causative drug, Supportive management
Chemicals (Endoscope cleaning agents)	Ensuring effective cleaning of endoscopy devices, Supportive management
Ischemia	Stop offending agent, bowel rest and decompression, intravenous fluids, antibiotics to prevent gut translocation of bacteria, surgical consultation

IBD: Inflammatory bowel diseases; NSAIDS: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.