Improvement of inflammatory response and gastrointestinal function in perioperative of cholelithiasis by Modified Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction

Table 3 Recovery of gastrointestinal function after biliary surgery

Parameters	Control (n = 53)	XD (n = 54)	MXD (n = 55)	P value
Bowel sounds (times/min)
2 h before surgery	4.66 ± 0.68	4.39 ± 0.86	4.42 ± 0.79	0.144
0 h after surgery	0.02 ± 0.141	0.06 ± 0.231	0.15 ± 0.361,2	0.035
6 h after surgery	2.21 ± 1.321	3.11 ± 1.571,2	3.24 ± 1.621,2	0.001
12 h after surgery	3.77 ± 1.661	6.74 ± 1.991,2	7.65 ± 2.151,2,3	0.000
24 h after surgery	3.95 ± 1.141	4.85 ± 1.391,2	5.18 ± 1.531,2	0.000
Time of first flatus (h)	24.00 ± 11.03	19.70 ± 10.212	17.40 ± 5.312	0.003
Time of first defecation (h)	55.75 ± 26.95	36.91 ± 15.202	34.42 ± 12.92	0.000

¹P < 0.05 vs the same group 2 h before surgery.

²P < 0.05 vs the control group.

³P < 0.05 vs Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction.

XD: Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction; MXD: Modified Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction.