Efficacy and safety of laparoscopic vs open gastrectomy after neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced gastric cancer

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of survival outcomes

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Overall survival
Group
LG	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
OG	1.28 (0.67-2.45)	0.46	1.24 (0.64-2.40)	0.52
Age
≤ 60	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
> 60	1.35 (0.72-2.54)	0.35	1.32 (0.69-2.51)	0.40
Sex
Male	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Female	0.86 (0.45-1.64)	0.65	0.84 (0.43-1.61)	0.59
BMI
≤ 25	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
> 25	1.12 (0.58-2.16)	0.74	1.09 (0.56-2.13)	0.79
Tumor location
Upper third	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Middle third	0.97 (0.47-2.01)	0.94	0.95 (0.45-1.98)	0.89
Lower third	0.92 (0.44-1.91)	0.82	0.89 (0.42-1.86)	0.75
Tumor size
≤ 5 cm	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
> 5 cm	1.41 (0.75-2.65)	0.28	1.38 (0.72-2.62)	0.32
Pathological stage1
II	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
III	2.15 (1.12-4.13)	0.02	2.12 (1.09-4.10)	0.03
Pathological response2
Complete	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Partial	1.22 (0.38-3.94)	0.74	1.18 (0.36-3.86)	0.79
Stable	1.45 (0.45-4.66)	0.54	1.41 (0.43-4.59)	0.57
Progressive	2.67 (0.81-8.80)	0.11	2.61 (0.78-8.68)	0.12
Disease-free survival
Group
LG	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
OG	1.19 (0.64-2.21)	0.58	1.16 (0.62-2.17)	0.64
Age
≤ 60	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
> 60	1.25 (0.68-2.30)	0.47	1.23 (0.66-2.27)	0.51
Sex
Male	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Female	0.91 (0.49-1.70)	0.77	0.89 (0.47-1.66)	0.71
BMI
≤ 25	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
> 25	1.08 (0.57-2.05)	0.81	1.05 (0.54-2.01)	0.88
Tumor location
Upper third	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Middle third	0.99 (0.49-2.02)	0.98	0.97 (0.47-1.99)	0.93
Lower third	0.94 (0.46-1.93)	0.87	0.91 (0.44-1.88)	0.80
Tumor size
≤ 5 cm	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
> 5 cm	1.32 (0.72-2.42)	0.37	1.29 (0.69-2.38)	0.42
Pathological stage
II	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
III	2.03 (1.08-3.81)	0.03	2.01 (1.06-3.78)	0.03
Pathological response
Complete	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Partial	1.18 (0.38-3.67)	0.78	1.15 (0.36-3.59)	0.82
Stable	1.36 (0.43-4.30)	0.60	1.32 (0.41-4.23)	0.64
Progressive	2.49 (0.77-8.07	0.13	2.43 (0.74-7.97)	0.14

¹According to the 8^th edition of the AJCC staging system.

²According to the RECIST version 1.1.

LG: Laparoscopic gastrectomy; OG: Open gastrectomy; BMI: Body mass index; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.