Protective effect of sevoflurane on lung function of elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

Variables	Sevoflurane group	Propofol group	P value
Age (yr)	70.3 ± 4.2	69.8 ± 3.9	0.54
Sex (male/female)	28/32	26/34	0.72
BMI (kg/m2)	24.5 ± 2.8	25.1 ± 3.1	0.31
ASA class (I/II/III)	0/36/24	0/38/22	0.81
COPD stage (II/III/IV)	24/28/8	22/30/8	0.83
Smoking history (pack-years)	18.6 ± 6.4	19.2 ± 7.1	0.62
Preoperative FEV1 (% predicted)	58.7 ± 12.3	59.4 ± 11.9	0.74
Preoperative FVC (% predicted)	65.2 ± 13.6	66.1 ± 12.8	0.67
Preoperative PEF (% predicted)	54.3 ± 10.9	55.2 ± 11.2	0.59
Primary site of BTC (ICC/ECC/GBC)	32/16/12	34/14/12	0.86
Tumor stage (I/II/III/IV)	12/24/20/4	14/22/18/6	0.79
Type of hepatectomy (minor/major)	36/24	38/22	0.81
Bile duct resection (yes/no)	20/40	18/42	0.72
Surgical duration (min)	165 ± 35	170 ± 40	0.42
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	420 ± 180	430 ± 190	0.68
Intraoperative transfusion (yes/no)	16/44	14/46	0.74

BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: Forced vital capacity; PEF: Peak expiratory flow; BTC: Biliary tract cancer; ICC: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; ECC: Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; GBC: Gallbladder cancer.