Self-management of osteoarthritis while waiting for total knee arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic among older Malaysians

Table 3 Associations between waiting time and pain with physical function and frailty

	Physical function, poor IADL (Lawton < 6)	Physical frailty (SARC-F > 4)
Waiting time
Unadjusted OR (95%CI)	0.96 (0.81-1.13)	1.09 (0.92-1.28)
Adjusted model 1 OR (95%CI)	0.96 (0.81-1.13)	1.09 (0.92-1.30)
Adjusted model 2 OR (95%CI)	0.98 (0.82-1.17)	1.07 (0.89-1.28)
Adjusted model 3 OR (95%CI)	0.96 (0.81-1.13)	1.09 (0.92-1.30)
Pain severity
Unadjusted OR (95%CI)	1.14 (0.83-1.57)	1.46 (1.04-2.05)a
Adjusted model 1 OR (95%CI)	1.14 (0.82-1.57)	1.45 (1.04-2.03)a
Adjusted model 2 OR (95%CI)	1.20 (0.86-1.66)	1.43 (1.00-2.03)a
Adjusted model 3 OR (95%CI)	1.15 (0.83-1.60)	1.45 (1.03-2.05)a

^aP < 0.05.

Adjusted model 1: Adjusted for age. Adjusted model 2: Adjusted for management (medication). Adjusted model 3: Adjusted for management (exercise). OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; IADL: Instrumental activities of daily living; SARC-F: Strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls questionnaire.